The metaverse is a nascent concept that envisions a virtual universe, a collaborative space where individuals can interact, create, and participate in a wide range of activities. Privacy in the metaverse is a critical concern as the concept evolves and immersive virtual experiences become more prevalent. The metaverse privacy problem refers to the challenges and concerns surrounding the privacy of personal information and data within Virtual Reality (VR) environments as the concept of a shared VR space becomes more accessible. Metaverse will harness advancements from various technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Extended Reality (XR) and Mixed Reality (MR) to provide personalized and immersive services to its users. Moreover, to enable more personalized experiences, the metaverse relies on the collection of fine-grained user data that leads to various privacy issues. Therefore, before the potential of the metaverse can be fully realized, privacy concerns related to personal information and data within VR environments must be addressed. This includes safeguarding users’ control over their data, ensuring the security of their personal information, and protecting in-world actions and interactions from unauthorized sharing. In this paper, we explore various privacy challenges that future metaverses are expected to face, given their reliance on AI for tracking users, creating XR and MR experiences, and facilitating interactions. Moreover, we thoroughly analyze technical solutions such as differential privacy, Homomorphic Encryption, and Federated Learning and discuss related sociotechnical issues regarding privacy.

中文翻译：

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人工智能和扩展现实 (AI-XR) 元宇宙中的隐私保护：一项调查


虚拟宇宙是一个新兴概念，它设想了一个虚拟宇宙，一个个人可以互动、创造和参与广泛活动的协作空间。随着概念的发展和沉浸式虚拟体验变得更加普遍，虚拟宇宙中的隐私成为一个关键问题。元宇宙隐私问题是指随着共享 VR 空间的概念变得更加容易理解，虚拟现实 (VR) 环境中围绕个人信息和数据隐私的挑战和担忧。 Metaverse将利用人工智能（AI）、扩展现实（XR）和混合现实（MR）等各种技术的进步，为用户提供个性化和沉浸式服务。此外，为了实现更加个性化的体验，元宇宙依赖于细粒度用户数据的收集，这会导致各种隐私问题。因此，在充分发挥虚拟世界的潜力之前，必须解决与 VR 环境中的个人信息和数据相关的隐私问题。这包括保护用户对其数据的控制，确保其个人信息的安全，以及保护现实世界中的行为和交互免遭未经授权的共享。在本文中，我们探讨了未来元宇宙预计将面临的各种隐私挑战，因为它们依赖人工智能来跟踪用户、创建 XR 和 MR 体验以及促进交互。此外，我们还深入分析了差分隐私、同态加密和联邦学习等技术解决方案，并讨论了与隐私相关的社会技术问题。