Wearable heart monitors are crucial for early diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases in non-clinical settings. However, their long-term applications require skin-interfaced materials that are ultrasoft, breathable, antibacterial, and possess robust, enduring on-skin adherence—features that remain elusive. Here, we have developed multifunctional porous soft composites that meet all these criteria for skin-interfaced bimodal cardiac monitoring. The composite consists of a bilayer structure featuring phase-separated porous elastomer and slot-die-coated biogel. The porous elastomer ensures ultrasoftness, breathability, ease of handling, and mechanical integrity, while the biogel enables long-term on-skin adherence. Additionally, we incorporated ε-polylysine in the biogel to offer antibacterial properties. Also, the conductive biogel embedded with silver nanowires was developed for use in electrocardiogram sensors to reduce contact impedance and ensure high-fidelity recordings. Furthermore, we assembled a bimodal wearable cardiac monitoring system that demonstrates high-fidelity recordings of both cardiac electrical (electrocardiogram) and mechanical (seismocardiogram) signals over a 14-day testing period.

中文翻译：

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用于双模可穿戴心脏监测仪的多功能多孔软复合材料


可穿戴心脏监测仪对于非临床环境中心脏病的早期诊断和治疗至关重要。然而，它们的长期应用需要超柔软、透气、抗菌并具有坚固、持久的皮肤粘附性的皮肤界面材料，而这些特性仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们开发了多功能多孔软复合材料，满足皮肤界面双模态心脏监测的所有这些标准。该复合材料由双层结构组成，具有相分离的多孔弹性体和槽模涂覆的生物凝胶。多孔弹性体确保超柔软、透气、易于操作和机械完整性，而生物凝胶可实现长期在皮肤上的粘附。此外，我们在生物凝胶中加入了 ε-聚赖氨酸以提供抗菌特性。此外，还开发了嵌入银纳米线的导电生物凝胶，用于心电图传感器，以降低接触阻抗并确保高保真记录。此外，我们组装了一个双模可穿戴心脏监测系统，该系统在 14 天的测试期内展示了心电（心电图）和机械（心震图）信号的高保真记录。