In recent years, injectable hydrogels and cardiac patches have provided a promising approach to improve cardiac regeneration and function after myocardial infarction, however, the crucial designing factors of these biomaterials have been less reviewed. Therefore, in this review, we speculate on the prominent design parameters. A profound understanding of the main properties of native heart tissue can guide the efforts to obtain biomaterials with desirable biomimicking properties that improve the effectiveness of future fabricated myocardial biomaterials. Moreover, the injectable hydrogels and cardiac patches with reactive oxygen species scavenging properties will be reviewed in detail owing to the promising results of in vitro and in vivo studies on cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction. This review can pave the way for an optimized design for effective cardiac biomaterials by considering the optimum ranges for physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of biomaterials, as well as the study of undetected parameters that can be investigated in future studies.

中文翻译：

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心脏生物材料的合理设计;专注于可注射水凝胶和心脏贴剂


近年来，可注射水凝胶和心脏贴剂为改善心肌梗死后的心脏再生和功能提供了一种有前途的方法，然而，这些生物材料的关键设计因素却很少被审查。因此，在这篇综述中，我们推测了突出的设计参数。对天然心脏组织主要特性的深刻理解可以指导努力获得具有理想仿生特性的生物材料，从而提高未来制造心肌生物材料的有效性。此外，由于心肌梗死后心脏再生的体外和 体内研究取得了可喜的结果 ，因此将详细回顾具有活性氧清除特性的可注射水凝胶和心脏贴剂。通过考虑生物材料的物理、化学和生物特性的最佳范围，以及研究可以在未来研究中研究的未检测参数，本综述可以为有效心脏生物材料的优化设计铺平道路。