PURPOSE Production of complex syntax is a hallmark of later language development; however, most of the research examining age-related changes has focused on adolescents or analyzed narrative language samples. Research documenting age-related changes in the production of complex syntax in elementary school-aged children in conversational language samples is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine age-related changes in the production of coordinate and subordinate clauses in children between 5 and 10 years of age obtained from 50-utterance conversational language samples. METHOD The analytic sample included 196 children with typical language development, who ranged in age from 5;0 to 10;11 (years;months; girls = 103; boys = 96; three cases were excluded). Fifty-utterance conversational language samples were examined for use of coordinate and subordinate clauses. RESULTS Results of regression analyses indicated that the production of coordinate and subordinate clauses could be predicted from age. The proportion of utterances that included subordinate clauses increased 0.20% for every month increase in age (p < .001). Coordinate clauses also continued to grow, although at a slower rate (0.10% increase for every month increase in age, p < .001). Finally, the proportion of simple utterances (i.e., utterances without coordinate or subordinate clauses) decreased with age (0.40% decrease for every month increase in age, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that as children's age increased, they used fewer, simple, one-clause sentences and more utterances that included subordinate clauses, with or without coordinate clauses. These results were obtained from 50-utterance language samples, further supporting use of language sampling to develop intervention goals and monitor progress in therapy. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25262725.

中文翻译：

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复杂语法的增长：小学学龄儿童并列和从句的使用。


目的 复杂语法的产生是后来语言发展的标志；然而，大多数研究与年龄相关的变化都集中在青少年或分析叙事语言样本。记录会话语言样本中小学学龄儿童复杂语法产生与年龄相关的变化的研究是有限的。因此，本文的目的是研究从 50 个对话语言样本中获得的 5 至 10 岁儿童的并列和从属从句产生中与年龄相关的变化。方法分析样本包括196名具有典型语言发育的儿童，年龄范围为5；0至10；11（岁；月；女孩=103；男孩=96；排除3例）。检查了五十个对话语言样本中并列从句和从句的使用情况。结果回归分析结果表明，并列从句和从句的产生可以根据年龄进行预测。年龄每增加一个月，包含从句的话语比例就会增加 0.20% (p < .001)。并列条款也继续增长，但增长速度较慢（年龄每增加一个月，增长 0.10%，p < .001）。最后，简单话语（即没有并列或从句的话语）的比例随着年龄的增长而下降（年龄每增加一个月，下降 0.40%，p < .001）。结论 这项研究表明，随着儿童年龄的增长，他们使用更少、简单的单从句，而更多地使用包含从句、带或不带并列从句的话语。 这些结果是从 50 个话语语言样本中获得的，进一步支持使用语言采样来制定干预目标和监测治疗进展。补充材料 https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25262725。