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Advances in small-molecule fluorescent probes for the study of apoptosis
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-12 , DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00502c
Ya-Xi Ye 1 , Jian-Cheng Pan 2 , Hai-Chao Wang 1 , Xing-Tao Zhang 1 , Hai-Liang Zhu 2 , Xin-Hua Liu 1, 3
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-12 , DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00502c
Ya-Xi Ye 1 , Jian-Cheng Pan 2 , Hai-Chao Wang 1 , Xing-Tao Zhang 1 , Hai-Liang Zhu 2 , Xin-Hua Liu 1, 3
Affiliation
Apoptosis, as type I cell death, is an active death process strictly controlled by multiple genes, and plays a significant role in regulating various activities. Mounting research indicates that the unique modality of cell apoptosis is directly or indirectly related to different diseases including cancer, autoimmune diseases, viral diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. However, the underlying mechanisms of cell apoptosis are complicated and not fully clarified yet, possibly due to the lack of effective chemical tools for the nondestructive and real-time visualization of apoptosis in complex biological systems. In the past 15 years, various small-molecule fluorescent probes (SMFPs) for imaging apoptosis in vitro and in vivo have attracted broad interest in related disease diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we aim to highlight the recent developments of SMFPs based on enzyme activity, plasma membranes, reactive oxygen species, reactive sulfur species, microenvironments and others during cell apoptosis. In particular, we generalize the mechanisms commonly used to design SMFPs for studying apoptosis. In addition, we discuss the limitations of reported probes, and emphasize the potential challenges and prospects in the future. We believe that this review will provide a comprehensive summary and challenging direction for the development of SMFPs in apoptosis related fields.
中文翻译:
细胞凋亡研究小分子荧光探针的研究进展
细胞凋亡作为I型细胞死亡,是一种受多基因严格控制的主动死亡过程,在多种活动的调节中发挥着重要作用。越来越多的研究表明,细胞凋亡的独特方式与癌症、自身免疫性疾病、病毒性疾病、神经退行性疾病等多种疾病直接或间接相关。然而,细胞凋亡的潜在机制很复杂,尚未完全阐明,可能是由于缺乏有效的化学工具来对复杂生物系统中的细胞凋亡进行非破坏性和实时可视化。在过去的15年里,各种用于体外和体内细胞凋亡成像的小分子荧光探针(SMFP)引起了相关疾病诊断和治疗的广泛兴趣。在这篇综述中,我们旨在重点介绍基于细胞凋亡过程中酶活性、质膜、活性氧、活性硫、微环境等的 SMFP 的最新进展。特别是,我们概括了通常用于设计 SMFP 以研究细胞凋亡的机制。此外,我们讨论了所报道的探针的局限性,并强调了未来潜在的挑战和前景。我们相信这篇综述将为SMFPs在凋亡相关领域的发展提供全面的总结和具有挑战性的方向。
更新日期:2024-08-12
中文翻译:
细胞凋亡研究小分子荧光探针的研究进展
细胞凋亡作为I型细胞死亡,是一种受多基因严格控制的主动死亡过程,在多种活动的调节中发挥着重要作用。越来越多的研究表明,细胞凋亡的独特方式与癌症、自身免疫性疾病、病毒性疾病、神经退行性疾病等多种疾病直接或间接相关。然而,细胞凋亡的潜在机制很复杂,尚未完全阐明,可能是由于缺乏有效的化学工具来对复杂生物系统中的细胞凋亡进行非破坏性和实时可视化。在过去的15年里,各种用于体外和体内细胞凋亡成像的小分子荧光探针(SMFP)引起了相关疾病诊断和治疗的广泛兴趣。在这篇综述中,我们旨在重点介绍基于细胞凋亡过程中酶活性、质膜、活性氧、活性硫、微环境等的 SMFP 的最新进展。特别是,我们概括了通常用于设计 SMFP 以研究细胞凋亡的机制。此外,我们讨论了所报道的探针的局限性,并强调了未来潜在的挑战和前景。我们相信这篇综述将为SMFPs在凋亡相关领域的发展提供全面的总结和具有挑战性的方向。