Extensive Search for Axion Dark Matter over 1 GHz with CAPP’S Main Axion Experiment,Physical Review X

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Extensive Search for Axion Dark Matter over 1 GHz with CAPP’S Main Axion Experiment
Physical Review X ( IF 11.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-12 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevx.14.031023
Saebyeok Ahn ₁ , JinMyeong Kim _{1,

2} , Boris I. Ivanov ₁ , Ohjoon Kwon ₁ , HeeSu Byun ₁ , Arjan F. van Loo _{3,

4} , SeongTae Park ₁ , Junu Jeong ₁ , Soohyung Lee ₁ , Jinsu Kim ₁ , Çağlar Kutlu ₁ , Andrew K. Yi _{1,

2} , Yasunobu Nakamura _{3,

4} , Seonjeong Oh ₁ , Danho Ahn ₁ , SungJae Bae _{1,

2} , Hyoungsoon Choi ₂ , Jihoon Choi ₁ , Yonuk Chong ₅ , Woohyun Chung ₁ , Violeta Gkika ₁ , Jihn E. Kim ₆ , Younggeun Kim ₁ , Byeong Rok Ko ₁ , Lino Miceli ₁ , Doyu Lee ₁ , Jiwon Lee _{1,

2} , Ki Woong Lee ₁ , MyeongJae Lee ₁ , Andrei Matlashov ₁ , Pallavi Parashar _{1,

2} , Taehyeon Seong ₁ , Yun Chang Shin ₁ , Sergey V. Uchaikin ₁ , SungWoo Youn ₁ , Yannis K. Semertzidis _{1,

2}

Affiliation

We report an extensive high-sensitivity search for axion dark matter above 1 GHz at the Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research (CAPP). The cavity resonant search, exploiting the coupling between axions and photons, explored the frequency (mass) range of 1.025 GHz (4.24μeV) to 1.185 GHz (4.91 μeV). We have introduced a number of innovations in this field, demonstrating the practical approach of optimizing all the relevant parameters of axion haloscopes, extending presently available technology. The CAPP 12 T magnet with an aperture of 320 mm made of Nb3Sn and NbTi superconductors surrounding a 37 l ultralight-weight copper cavity is expected to convert Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky axions into approximately 102 microwave photons per second. A powerful dilution refrigerator, capable of keeping the core system below 40 mK, combined with quantum-noise-limited readout electronics, achieved a total system noise of about 200 mK or below, which corresponds to a background of roughly 4×103 photons per second within the axion bandwidth. The combination of all those improvements provides unprecedented search performance, imposing the most stringent exclusion limits on axion-photon coupling in this frequency range to date. These results also suggest an experimental capability suitable for highly sensitive searches for axion dark matter above 1 GHz.

Published by the American Physical Society

2024

中文翻译：

使用 CAPP 的主轴子实验对 1 GHz 以上的轴子暗物质进行广泛搜索

我们报告了轴子和精密物理研究中心（CAPP）对 1 GHz 以上的轴子暗物质进行的广泛高灵敏度搜索。腔谐振搜索利用轴子和光子之间的耦合，探索了 1.025 GHz （4.24μeV）至 1.185 GHz （4.91 μeV）的频率（质量）范围。我们在该领域引入了许多创新，展示了优化轴子光晕镜所有相关参数的实用方法，扩展了目前可用的技术。CAPP 12 T 磁体孔径为 320 mm，由 Nb3Sn 和 NbTi 超导体制成，围绕着 37 l 超轻铜腔，预计将将 Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky 轴子转换为每秒约 102 个微波光子。强大的稀释制冷机能够将核心系统保持在 40 mK 以下，结合量子噪声限制的读出电子设备，实现了约 200 mK 或更低的总系统噪声，这相当于轴子带宽内每秒大约 4×103 个光子的背景。所有这些改进的结合提供了前所未有的搜索性能，对该频率范围内的轴子-光子耦合施加了迄今为止最严格的排除限制。这些结果还表明，一种适用于对 1 GHz 以上的轴子暗物质进行高灵敏度搜索的实验能力。美国物理学会 2024 年出版

更新日期：2024-08-12

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