Dense non-stoichiometric TiC ceramics (TiC, TiC, TiC and TiC) had been fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) at elevated temperature and pressure. High temperature contact angle tests were performed on TiC-45 steel/brake disc (BD) materials using a sessile drop technique. The influence of temperature, ceramic and steel composition on wetting behavior was examined, and the interfacial reactions during liquid penetration were explored. The results had established that increased temperatures and decreased ceramic x values enhanced the wetting of TiC-steel systems. The wetting mechanisms of TiC–45 steel, TiC–45 steel, and TiC–45 steel systems were driven by dissolution effects with the formation of TiC and Fe. Conversely, wetting of TiC–45 steel was driven by reaction that resulted in the formation of brittle FeTi. Careful control of the C/Ti ratio was essential to prevent FeTi formation where the optimum TiC composition was identified (x = 0.7). At high temperatures, Ti atoms in TiC were more likely to combine with C atoms from Cr and Mo carbides, promoting BD material diffusion in TiC.

中文翻译：

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了解 TiCx-钢系统的润湿性和溶解度特性


致密非化学计量 TiC 陶瓷（TiC、TiC、TiC 和 TiC）是在高温高压下通过火花等离子烧结 (SPS) 制造的。使用座滴技术对 TiC-45 钢/制动盘 (BD) 材料进行高温接触角测试。研究了温度、陶瓷和钢成分对润湿行为的影响，并探讨了液体渗透过程中的界面反应。结果表明，升高温度和降低陶瓷 x 值可增强 TiC-钢体系的润湿性。 TiC-45 钢、TiC-45 钢和 TiC-45 钢体系的润湿机制是由 TiC 和 Fe 形成的溶解效应驱动的。相反，TiC-45 钢的润湿是由反应驱动的，导致脆性 FeTi 的形成。仔细控制 C/Ti 比率对于防止 FeTi 形成至关重要，其中确定了最佳 TiC 成分 (x = 0.7)。在高温下，TiC中的Ti原子更容易与Cr和Mo碳化物中的C原子结合，促进BD材料在TiC中的扩散。