One often learns the opinions of others without getting to hear the evidence behind them. How should you revise your own opinions in such cases? Dietrich (2010) shows that, for opinions about objective chance, the method known as upco effectively adds your interlocutor’s evidence to your own. We provide a simple way of viewing upco that makes properties like Dietrich’s easy to appreciate, and we do three things with it. First, we unify Dietrich’s motivation for upco with another motivation due to Easwaran et al. (2016). Second, we show that laypeople can sometimes use upco to resolve expert disagreements. And third, we use it to cricitize the social argument for the uniqueness thesis.

人们常常了解别人的意见，却没有听到其背后的证据。在这种情况下你应该如何修正自己的观点呢？ Dietrich (2010) 表明，对于关于客观机会的观点，称为 upco 的方法可以有效地将对话者的证据添加到你自己的证据中。我们提供了一种查看 upco 的简单方法，使像 Dietrich 这样的资产易于欣赏，我们用它做了三件事。首先，我们将 Dietrich 的 upco 动机与 Easwaran 等人的另一个动机统一起来。 （2016）。其次，我们表明外行有时可以使用 upco 来解决专家的分歧。第三，我们用它来批评独特性论点的社会论点。