Theories have proposed diverse reasons for why individual differences such as personality traits lead to social status attainment in face-to-face groups. We integrated these different theoretical standpoints into a model with four paths from individual differences to status: a dominance, a competence, a virtue, and a micropolitics path. To investigate these paths, we meta-analyzed over 100 years of research on bivariate associations of personality traits, cognitive abilities, and physical size with the attainment of status-related outcomes in face-to-face groups (1,064 effects from 276 samples including 56,153 participants). The status-related outcome variables were admiring respect, social influence, popularity (i.e., being liked by others), leadership emergence, and a mixture of outcome variables. The meta-analytic correlations we found were largely in line with the micropolitics path, tentatively in line with the competence and virtue paths, and only partly in line with the dominance path. These findings suggest that status attainment depends not only on the competence and virtue of an individual but also on how individuals can enhance their apparent competence or virtue by behaving assertively, by being extraverted, or through self-monitoring. We also investigated how the relations between individual differences and status-related outcomes were moderated by kind of status-related outcome, nature of the group task, culture (collectivism/individualism), and length of acquaintance. The moderation analysis yielded mixed and inconclusive results. The review ends with directions for research, such as the need to separately assess and study the different status-related outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对人格、智力和体型与社会地位之间关系的荟萃分析综述。


对于为什么人格特质等个体差异会导致面对面群体中社会地位的获得，理论提出了多种原因。我们将这些不同的理论立场整合到一个模型中，该模型具有从个体差异到地位的四种路径：主导路径、能力路径、美德路径和微观政治路径。为了研究这些路径，我们对 100 多年来关于人格特质、认知能力和体型的双变量关联与面对面群体中地位相关结果的实现进行了荟萃分析（来自 276 个样本的 1,064 个效应，其中包括 56,153 个样本）参与者）。与地位相关的结果变量包括钦佩尊重、社会影响力、受欢迎程度（即被他人喜欢）、领导力涌现以及结果变量的混合。我们发现的元分析相关性很大程度上符合微观政治路径，暂时符合能力和美德路径，仅部分符合主导路径。这些发现表明，地位的获得不仅取决于个人的能力和美德，还取决于个人如何通过自信、外向或自我监控来增强其明显的能力或美德。我们还研究了个体差异和地位相关结果之间的关系如何通过地位相关结果的类型、团队任务的性质、文化（集体主义/个人主义）和认识时间长短来调节。适度分析产生了混合且不确定的结果。审查以研究方向结束，例如需要单独评估和研究不同的状态相关结果。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。