Interoception entails perceiving or being aware of the internal state of the body, playing a pivotal role in regulating processes such as heartbeat, digestion, glucose metabolism, and respiration. The carotid body (CB) serves as an interoceptive organ, transmitting information to the brain via its sensitive nerve, the carotid sinus nerve, to maintain homeostasis. While traditionally known for sensing oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels, the CB is now recognized to possess additional interoceptive properties, detecting various mediators involved in blood pressure regulation, inflammation, and glucose homeostasis, among other physiological functions. Furthermore, in the last decades CB dysfunction has been linked to diseases like sleep apnea, essential hypertension, and diabetes.

中文翻译：

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健康和疾病中的颈动脉体内感受


内感受需要感知或意识到身体的内部状态，在调节心跳、消化、葡萄糖代谢和呼吸等过程中发挥着关键作用。颈动脉体（CB）作为内感受器官，通过其敏感神经颈动脉窦神经向大脑传输信息，以维持体内平衡。虽然传统上以感知氧气、二氧化碳和 pH 水平而闻名，但现在人们认识到 CB 具有额外的内感受特性，可检测涉及血压调节、炎症和葡萄糖稳态等生理功能的各种介质。此外，在过去的几十年中，CB 功能障碍与睡眠呼吸暂停、原发性高血压和糖尿病等疾病有关。