Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder that has a high prevalence in patients with craniofacial, neurocognitive, and neuromuscular disorders. Currently, the treatments for this population are diverse and depend on the individual conditions of the patient and the severity of the case. However, there are no multidisciplinary dental treatment guidelines. The aim of the present study was to determine the multidisciplinary dental treatment alternatives in patients with craniofacial, neurocognitive, and neuromuscular disorders with a diagnosis of OSA through evidence-based medicine. A systematic review of the literature has been performed by searching scientific articles in the PubMed, Cochrane, Ovid, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases, through controlled and uncontrolled language. Articles were classified according to the level of evidence and grades of recommendation through the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. A total of 19,439 references were identified, of which 15 articles met the predetermined requirements to be included in the investigation. The articles included for this systematic review showed that mandibular distraction osteogenesis and adenotonsilectomy are the first-choice therapies for craniofacial and neurocognitive disorders. However, for neuromuscular disorders, the findings reported were not enough to provide information about surgical or nonsurgical alternatives. Despite the reported high frequency of OSA in those children with craniofacial, neurocognitive, and neuromuscular disorders, the evidence on the surgical and nonsurgical therapeutic success for OSA in these patients is scarce. It is necessary to perform future studies to investigate successful therapies for OSA in children. [Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(2):e62-e69.].

中文翻译：

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患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的颅面、神经认知和神经肌肉疾病患者的多学科治疗：文献的系统回顾。


阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 是一种呼吸系统疾病，在颅面、神经认知和神经肌肉疾病患者中发病率较高。目前，针对该人群的治疗方法多种多样，具体取决于患者的个体情况和病例的严重程度。然而，目前还没有多学科牙科治疗指南。本研究的目的是通过循证医学确定患有颅面、神经认知和神经肌肉疾病并诊断为 OSA 的患者的多学科牙科治疗替代方案。通过受控和非受控语言在 PubMed、Cochrane、Ovid、ScienceDirect 和 Scopus 数据库中搜索科学文章，对文献进行了系统回顾。文章根据苏格兰校际指南网络的证据水平和推荐等级进行分类。共鉴定出19,439篇参考文献，其中15篇文章符合纳入调查的预定要求。本系统综述纳入的文章表明，下颌牵张成骨和腺样体扁桃体切除术是颅面和神经认知障碍的首选治疗方法。然而，对于神经肌肉疾病，报告的发现不足以提供有关手术或非手术替代方案的信息。尽管据报道，患有颅面、神经认知和神经肌肉疾病的儿童中 OSA 发生率较高，但有关这些患者 OSA 的手术和非手术治疗成功的证据却很少。有必要进行未来的研究来调查儿童 OSA 的成功治疗方法。 [儿科安。 2024；53(2)：e62-e69。]。