Sensing beyond the Exceptional Point for High Detectivity,ACS Photonics

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Sensing beyond the Exceptional Point for High Detectivity
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01662
Zhichao Li _{1,

2} , Ciril S. Prasad _{1,

2} , Xielin Wang _{1,

2} , Ding Zhang ₃ , Gururaj V. Naik ₁

Affiliation

Exceptional point (EP)-based optical sensors exhibit exceptional sensitivity but poor detectivity due to their acute sensitivity to perturbations, such as noise. When the optical budget is limited, as in applications on mobile platforms, high detectivity might be equally important as high sensitivity. In such scenarios, off-EP sensing is advantageous, where a slight loss in sensitivity can lead to a significant gain in detectivity. Here, we show that a passive parity-time symmetric plasmonic-photonic hybrid shows a peak in its detectivity off EP where the sensitivity is still very high, surpassing the sensitivities of equivalent fully plasmonic and fully photonic systems. We demonstrate the high detectivity of off-EP sensing of antimouse IgG protein using this plasmonic-photonic hybrid system. We report a sensitivity of 1.2 nm/nM while requiring a minimum optical budget of 1.3 nJ. Thus, non-Hermitian plasmonic-photonic hybrids could be the best class of nanophotonic sensors for real-world applications.

中文翻译：

超越卓越点的传感，实现高探测率

基于特异点 (EP) 的光学传感器表现出卓越的灵敏度，但由于其对噪声等扰动的敏锐敏感性，其探测能力较差。当光学预算有限时，如在移动平台上的应用中，高探测率可能与高灵敏度同样重要。在这种情况下，关闭 EP 传感是有利的，其中灵敏度的轻微损失可能会导致检测率显着提高。在这里，我们表明，被动宇称时间对称等离子体光子混合体在 EP 外的探测能力达到峰值，其中灵敏度仍然非常高，超过了等效的全等离子体和全光子系统的灵敏度。我们证明了使用这种等离激元-光子混合系统对抗小鼠 IgG 蛋白进行非 EP 传感的高检测率。我们报告的灵敏度为 1.2 nm/nM，同时需要 1.3 nJ 的最小光学预算。因此，非厄米特等离子体光子混合体可能是现实应用中最好的纳米光子传感器。

更新日期：2024-08-08

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