Nematodes of the Onchocercidae family, such as Pelecitus spp., are filarial parasites of medical and veterinary importance. Although infections are widely distributed among avian species, only 2 cases of human Pelecitus ocular infection, both in South America, have been reported. We describe a 61-year-old man in northeast Thailand diagnosed with an ocular infection. Morphologic characteristics suggested the causative agent was a female Pelecitus nematode: coiled body, rounded anterior and posterior extremities, a distinct preesophageal cuticular ring, lateral alae, a postdeirid, and a protuberant vulva. Sequences of the 12S rDNA gene indicated 95%–96% identity and cox1 gene 92%–96% identity with published P. copsychi sequences. P-distance for cox1 sequences between the causative agent and P. copsychi was 6.71%. Phylogenetic trees of 12S rDNA and cox1 genes indicated the species differed from but is closely associated with P. copsychi. Healthcare providers should be aware of the threat of ocular infection from Pelecitus spp. nematodes.

盘尾丝虫科的线虫，如 Pelecitus spp.，是具有医学和兽医重要性的丝虫寄生虫。尽管感染在禽类物种中广泛分布，但仅报道了 2 例人类 Pelecitus 眼部感染病例，均在南美洲。我们描述了泰国东北部的一名 61 岁男性，他被诊断患有眼部感染。形态学特征表明病原体是雌性 Pelecitus 线虫：盘绕的身体、圆形的前肢和后肢、明显的食管前表皮环、外侧鼻翼、后鞘和隆起的外阴。12S rDNA 基因的序列表明 95%-96% 的同一性，cox1 基因 92%-96% 与已发表的 P. copsychi 序列相同。病原体和 P. copsychi 之间 cox1 序列的 P 距离为 6.71%。12S rDNA 和 cox1 基因的系统发育树表明该物种与 P. copsychi 不同但密切相关。医疗保健提供者应意识到 Pelecitus spp. 线虫的眼部感染威胁.