Erythrocytes undergo several changes during human aging and age-related diseases and, thus, have been studied as biomarkers of the aging process. The present study aimed to explore the antioxidant ability of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) such as iron oxide (Fe3O4), gold (Au), and silver (Ag) to mitigate age-related oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Metal and metal oxide NPs behave like antioxidative enzymes, directly influencing redox pathways and thus have better efficiency. Additionally, biopolymer coatings such as dextran enhance the biocompatibility of these NPs. Therefore, dextran-coated Fe3O4, Au, and Ag NPs were synthesized using wet chemical methods and were characterized. Their hemocompatibility and ability to protect erythrocytes from age-induced oxidative stress were investigated. The Fe3O4 and Au NPs were observed to protect erythrocytes from hydrogen peroxide and age-induced oxidative damage, including decreased antioxidant levels, reduced activity of antioxidative enzymes, and increased amounts of oxidative species. Pretreatment with NPs preserved the morphology and membrane integrity of the erythrocyte. However, Ag NPs induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes similar to hydrogen peroxide. Therefore, dextran-coated Fe3O4 and Au nanoparticles have the potential to be employed as antioxidant therapies against age-related oxidative stress.

中文翻译：

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葡聚糖包被的氧化铁、金和银纳米颗粒对 Age 诱导的红细胞氧化应激的抗氧化活性的比较研究


红细胞在人类衰老和与年龄相关的疾病过程中会经历多种变化，因此已被研究为衰老过程的生物标志物。本研究旨在探讨金属和金属氧化物纳米颗粒 （NPs） 如氧化铁 （Fe3O4）、金 （Au） 和银 （Ag） 的抗氧化能力，以减轻人类红细胞中与年龄相关的氧化应激。金属和金属氧化物 NP 的行为类似于抗氧化酶，直接影响氧化还原途径，因此具有更好的效率。此外，葡聚糖等生物聚合物涂层可增强这些 NP 的生物相容性。因此，使用湿化学方法合成葡聚糖包被的 Fe3O4、Au 和 Ag NPs，并对其进行表征。研究了它们的血液相容性和保护红细胞免受年龄诱导的氧化应激的能力。观察到 Fe3O4 和 Au NPs 可以保护红细胞免受过氧化氢和年龄诱导的氧化损伤，包括降低抗氧化水平、降低抗氧化酶的活性和增加氧化物质的数量。用 NPs 预处理保留了红细胞的形态和膜完整性。然而，Ag NPs 诱导红细胞中的氧化应激类似于过氧化氢。因此，葡聚糖包被的 Fe3O4 和 Au 纳米颗粒有可能用作针对与年龄相关的氧化应激的抗氧化疗法。