Psychology is currently facing a multilayered crisis stemming from the fact that the results of many psychological studies cannot be replicated (replication crisis), that psychological research has neglected cross-cultural and cross-temporal variation (universality crisis), and that many psychological theories are ill-developed and underspecified (theory crisis). In the present article, we use ideas derived from debates in theoretical and philosophical psychology as a basis for responding to all three crises. In short, we claim that psychological concepts are inherently vague in the sense that their meanings and the rules for their application are indeterminate. This does not imply that psychological concepts are ineffable or lack meaning. It implies, however, that hoping to arrive at a finite set of necessary and sufficient criteria that define psychological concepts once and for all is an illusion. From this, we deduce four recommendations for responding to psychology's crises. First, we argue that the replication crisis could be approached by paying more attention to the context conditions under which psychological realities and knowledge about these realities are being created. Second, we claim that the universality crisis can be alleviated by putting more effort into exploring variability across times and cultures. Third, we contend that acknowledging the language dependence of psychological research could be a fruitful way of addressing the theory crisis. Last, we show that embracing theoretical and methodological pluralism would be an antidote against psychology's crises in general. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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通过探索心理学概念的模糊性来应对心理学当前的危机：推进学科发展的建议。


当前，心理学正面临多层次的危机：许多心理学研究结果无法复制（复制危机）；心理学研究忽视了跨文化、跨时代的变异性（普适性危机）；许多心理学理论被忽视。不发达且不明确（理论危机）。在本文中，我们使用从理论和哲学心理学辩论中得出的想法作为应对这三种危机的基础。简而言之，我们认为心理学概念本质上是模糊的，因为它们的含义和应用规则是不确定的。这并不意味着心理学概念是不可言喻或缺乏意义的。然而，它意味着，希望达到一套有限的必要且充分的标准来一劳永逸地定义心理学概念是一种幻想。由此，我们推导出应对心理学危机的四项建议。首先，我们认为，可以通过更多地关注心理现实和关于这些现实的知识被创造的背景条件来解决复制危机。其次，我们声称，通过付出更多努力探索跨时代和跨文化的可变性，可以缓解普遍性危机。第三，我们认为承认心理学研究的语言依赖性可能是解决理论危机的有效方法。最后，我们表明，拥抱理论和方法论的多元化将是应对一般心理学危机的解药。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。