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Glutathione hybrid poly (beta-amino ester)-plasmid nanoparticles for enhancing gene delivery and biosafety
Journal of Advanced Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.07.038
Songwei Tan 1 , Caiyan Yuan 2 , Yuhe Zhu 1 , Shuangyan Chang 3 , Qianru Li 1 , Jiahui Ding 3 , Xueqin Gao 4 , Rui Tian 3 , Zhiqiang Han 5 , Zheng Hu 6
Affiliation  

Introduction

CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology has significantly advanced gene therapy, with gene vectors being one of the key factors for its success. Poly (beta-amino ester) (PBAE), a distinguished non-viral cationic gene vector, is known to elevate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which may cause cytotoxicity and, consequently, impact gene transfection efficacy (T.E.).

Objectives

To develop a simple but efficient strategy to improve the gene delivery ability and biosafety of PBAE both in vivo and in vitro.

Methods

We used glutathione (GSH), a clinically utilized drug with capability to modulating intracellular ROS level, to prepare a hybrid system with PBAE-plasmid nanoparticles (NPs). This system was characterized by flow cytometry, RNA-seq, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing in vitro, and its safety and efficacy in vivo was evaluated by imaging, PCR, Sanger sequencing and histology analysis.

Results

The particle size of GSH-PBAE-plasmid NPs were 168.31 nm with a ζ-potential of 15.21 mV. An enhancement in T.E. and gene editing efficiency, ranging from 10 % to 100 %, was observed compared to GSH-free PBAE-plasmid NPs in various cell lines. In vitro results proved that GSH-PBAE-plasmid NPs reduced intracellular ROS levels by 25 %–40 %, decreased the total number of upregulated/downregulated genes from 4,952 to 789, and significantly avoided the disturbance in gene expression related to cellular oxidative stress-response and cell growth regulation signaling pathway compared to PBAE-plasmid NPs. They also demonstrated lower impact on the cell cycle, slighter hemolysis, and higher cell viability after gene transfection. Furthermore, GSH hybrid PBAE-plasmid NPs exhibited superior safety and improved tumor suppression ability in an Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-infected murine tumor model, via targeting cleavage the EBV related oncogene by delivering CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system and down-regulating the expression levels. This simple but effective strategy is expected to promote clinical applications of non-viral vector gene delivery.


中文翻译:


谷胱甘肽杂交聚(β-氨基酯)-质粒纳米颗粒,用于增强基因递送和生物安全性


 介绍


CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑技术显著推动了基因治疗的发展,基因载体是其成功的关键因素之一。聚(β-氨基酯)(PBAE) 是一种独特的非病毒阳离子基因载体,已知会升高细胞内活性氧 (ROS) 水平,这可能导致细胞毒性,从而影响基因转染功效 (T.E.)。

 目标


开发一种简单而有效的策略来提高 PBAE 在体内体外的基因递送能力和生物安全性。

 方法


我们使用谷胱甘肽 (GSH),一种临床上用于调节细胞内 ROS 水平的药物,制备了具有 PBAE 质粒纳米颗粒 (NPs) 的杂交系统。该系统在体外采用流式细胞术、RNA-seq、聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 和 Sanger 测序进行表征,并通过影像学、PCR、Sanger 测序和组织学分析评价其体内安全性和有效性。

 结果


GSH-PBAE 质粒 NPs 的粒径为 168.31 nm,ζ电位为 15.21 mV。在各种细胞系中,与不含 GSH 的 PBAE 质粒 NP 相比,观察到 TE 和基因编辑效率的提高,范围从 10 % 到 100 %。体外结果表明,GSH-PBAE 质粒 NPs 将细胞内 ROS 水平降低了 25 %–40 %,将上调/下调基因的总数从 4,952 个减少到 789 个,并显着避免了与细胞氧化应激反应和细胞生长调节信号通路相关的基因表达干扰与 PBAE 质粒 NPs 相比。他们还表现出对细胞周期的影响较低、溶血较轻,并且在基因转染后细胞活力较高。此外,GSH 杂交 PBAE 质粒 NPs 在 Epstein-Barr 病毒 (EBV) 感染的小鼠肿瘤模型中表现出优异的安全性和更高的肿瘤抑制能力,通过递送 CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑系统靶向切割 EBV 相关癌基因并下调表达水平。这种简单而有效的策略有望促进非病毒载体基因递送的临床应用。
更新日期:2024-08-02
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