Pests in agriculture cause significant economic damage by reducing production and product quality. While pesticides can be an alternative for pest control, their use has a significant impact on both the environment and human health. Chlorpyrifos, a widely used pesticide, affects both target and non-target organisms, including spiders. In this study, we investigated whether spiders at three developmental stages (J0, J2, and adults) recognize the presence of the insecticide and how it affects their enzymatic activity. The results indicated that only J0 was able to recognize the insecticide and avoided surfaces treated with it. On the other hand, J0 and adults exhibited reduced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the activity of antioxidant enzymes was affected by the treatment. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly in J0, catalase (CAT) in all stages, glutathione S-transferase (GST) in J2, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in J2 and adults. Chlorpyrifos exposure did not increase reactive oxygen species or alter cellular populations in any model.

中文翻译：

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有机磷杀虫剂对蜘蛛 Misumenops maculissparsus（蜘蛛目：Thomisidae）行为和生理的影响


农业害虫通过降低产量和产品质量造成重大经济损失。虽然杀虫剂可以作为害虫防治的替代方法，但其使用对环境和人类健康都有重大影响。毒死蜱是一种广泛使用的农药，会影响目标和非目标生物，包括蜘蛛。在这项研究中，我们调查了处于三个发育阶段（J0、J2 和成年）的蜘蛛是否识别出杀虫剂的存在以及它如何影响它们的酶活性。结果表明，只有 J0 能够识别该杀虫剂并避开用其处理过的表面。另一方面，J0 和成虫表现出乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 活性降低，并且抗氧化酶的活性受到治疗的影响。 J0 中的超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、所有阶段的过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、J2 中的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST) 以及 J2 和成虫中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 均显着增加。在任何模型中，毒死蜱暴露均不会增加活性氧或改变细胞群。