Canid alphaherpesvirus-1 (CaHV-1) may cause a highly fatal haemorrhagic disease in neonatal pups and is associated with reproductive, respiratory and ocular disease in older dogs. Although assumed to have a world-wide distribution, there have been few reports of CaHV-1 in Australia. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of CaHV-1 in household dogs in a residential suburb in Townsville, as well as in dogs attending two dog shows in the region. Study participants were recruited through door-to-door non-probability sampling (Douglas dogs, n = 185) or invited to participate (Show dogs; n = 76). Dog owners completed a questionnaire that investigated possible risk factors for recent exposure to CaHV-1. A serum sample from each dog was assayed for anti-CaHV-1 antibodies using a commercially available ELISA. Associations between seropositive dogs and owner-reported risk factors were analysed using univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression models. The seroprevalence of CaHV-1 was 11.4 % (95 % CI 6.8–15.9 %) and 17.1 % (95 % CI 5.5–28.8) for the Douglas and Show dogs, respectively, with a pooled seroprevalence of 13 % (95 % CI 8.3–17.7 %). Dogs that had suffered from conjunctivitis within the previous 3 months or were involved in breeding were more likely to be seropositive to CaHV-1. No other significant risk factors were identified. In conclusion, CaHV-1 is circulating in dogs in North Queensland and may be contributing to foetal and neonatal losses in this region.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚北昆士兰州家犬中犬科动物 alphaherpesvirus-1 的血清阳性率及相关危险因素


犬科动物 alphaherpesvirus-1 (CaHV-1) 可能会在新生幼犬中引起高度致命的出血性疾病，并与老年犬的生殖、呼吸道和眼部疾病有关。尽管假定 CaHV-1 在世界范围内分布，但在澳大利亚却很少有关于 CaHV-1 的报道。本研究的目的是调查汤斯维尔住宅区的家犬以及参加该地区两次犬展的犬只中 CaHV-1 的血清流行率。研究参与者是通过挨家挨户非概率抽样（道格拉斯狗，n = 185）或受邀参加（表演狗；n = 76）招募的。狗主人填写了一份调查问卷，调查近期接触 CaHV-1 的可能风险因素。使用市售的 ELISA 检测每只狗的血清样本中的抗 CaHV-1 抗体。使用单变量分析和多变量逻辑回归模型分析血清阳性狗与主人报告的危险因素之间的关联。道格拉斯犬和秀犬的 CaHV-1 血清阳性率分别为 11.4% (95% CI 6.8–15.9%) 和 17.1% (95% CI 5.5–28.8)，合并血清阳性率为 13% (95% CI 8.3) –17.7%）。过去 3 个月内患有结膜炎或参与繁殖的狗更有可能出现 CaHV-1 血清阳性。没有发现其他重大风险因素。总之，CaHV-1 在北昆士兰州的狗中传播，可能导致该地区胎儿和新生儿死亡。