Leptospirosis is an anthropozoonosis of economic and public health importance, caused by bacteria of the genus . Horses are deemed important in its transmission chain due to their proximity to humans, and because the species is often asymptomatic, making these animals potential silent reservoirs. In this context, the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of seropositive horses for spp., and to identify the presence of spp. serogroups and antibody titers, the occurrence of areas with higher density of infection cases and demographic characteristics associated with seropositivity in the states of Paraíba (PB), Pernambuco (PE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN) and Ceará (CE), in the Northeast region of Brazil, during rainy (May and June) and dry (October and November) seasons from 2017 to 2019. Using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), 1152 equine serum samples from 225 municipalities were analyzed. Anti- antibodies were detected in 23.9 % (95 % CI= 21.4 – 26.3 %) of the samples in the three-year period, with a frequency of 30.4 % (95 % CI= 26.7 – 34.2 %) during the rainy period (with greater emphasis on the Ballum serogroup) and 17.4 % (95 % CI= 14.3 – 20.5 %) in the dry period (with greater emphasis on the Sejroe serogroup). Age of horses ≥ 6 years (6–10 years, 11–15 years and ≥ 16 years), rainy season, and animal belonging to Pernambuco state were factors with higher seropositivities. Regarding spatial distribution, a higher percentage of seropositive animals was observed in Pernambuco ( < 0.05), in interstate border areas, and large urban centers, with a spatial cluster detected in the dry season of 2018 with relative risk of 2.8 ( = 0.049) times higher in municipalities within the cluster. It is suggested that measures for controlling rodents and contact with wild animals in equine farming, both in rainy and dry periods, combined with care regarding the use of pastures shared with cattle and the adoption of immunoprophylaxis are important in preventing and controlling leptospirosis in horses in the Northeast region of Brazil.

中文翻译：

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钩端螺旋体属的空间和季节分布。巴西东北部地区的马匹血清呈阳性


钩端螺旋体病是一种具有经济和公共卫生重要性的人畜共患病，由该属细菌引起。马被认为在其传播链中很重要，因为它们与人类接近，而且该物种通常无症状，使这些动物成为潜在的沉默宿主。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是确定马匹血清阳性马的流行率，并确定马匹是否存在马匹马。帕拉伊巴州 (PB)、伯南布哥州 (PE)、北里奥格兰德州 (RN) 和塞阿拉州 (CE) 的血清型和抗体滴度、感染病例密度较高的地区的发生情况以及与血清阳性相关的人口特征巴西东北部地区，2017 年至 2019 年雨季（5 月和 6 月）和旱季（10 月和 11 月）。利用显微凝集试验 (MAT)，对来自 225 个城市的 1152 份马血清样本进行了分析。三年期间，23.9% (95% CI= 21.4 – 26.3 %) 的样本中检测到了抗抗体，在雨季（雨季）出现频率为 30.4 % (95 % CI= 26.7 – 34.2 %)。更注重 Ballum 血清群），在干水期（更注重 Sejroe 血清群）为 17.4% (95% CI= 14.3 – 20.5%)。马龄≥6岁（6-10岁、11-15岁和≥16岁）、雨季和属于伯南布哥州的动物是血清阳性率较高的因素。关于空间分布，在伯南布哥州 (< 0.05)、州际边境地区和大城市中心观察到血清反应呈阳性的动物比例较高，在 2018 年旱季检测到空间集群，相对风险为 2.8 (= 0.049)集群内的城市则高出数倍。 建议在雨季和旱季采取控制啮齿动物和马匹养殖中与野生动物接触的措施，并注意使用与牛共用的牧场和采取免疫预防措施，对于预防和控制马匹钩端螺旋体病非常重要。巴西东北部地区。