Mass trapping can be a crucial component of a push–pull strategy, which involves deterrence of pests from a crop (push), while luring them toward an attractive source e.g., a trap (pull). In this study, we explored the effect of blue and blue + UV LEDs on the dispersal of greenhouse whiteflies settled on tomato plants (“push” factor) and the contribution of a yellow sticky trap (YST) and a green LED-enhanced YST (green LED trap) on their recapture after take-off (“pull” factor), in controlled conditions. In following scaling-up experiments in the greenhouse, we tested the effect of different blue spotlight arrangements and intensities on whitefly dispersal, in the presence of a green LED trap. Number of dispersed and trapped whiteflies was counted and the results revealed that blue and blue + UV LEDs increased the dispersed whiteflies by twofold compared to the control without deterrent LEDs and 87–90% of them were captured on a green LED trap. In the greenhouse, high-intensity blue spotlights (186 μmol/m²/s) deterred nearly 50% of whiteflies from the plants and more than half of them were recaptured, regardless the different arrangement of the blue spotlights. The green LED trap was at least twice as attractive as the YST, and in the greenhouse, it captured nearly 12 times more whiteflies in the presence of high-intensity deterrent blue spotlights, compared to the control. These findings provide significant implications for improving targeted whitefly control techniques and can lead to the development of new push–pull strategies.

大规模诱捕可能是推拉策略的重要组成部分，该策略包括威慑作物上的害虫（推），同时将它们引诱到有吸引力的来源，例如陷阱（拉）。在本研究中，我们探讨了蓝色和蓝色 + UV LED 对定居在番茄植株上的温室粉虱扩散的影响（“推动”因素）以及黄色粘虫捕捉器 (YST) 和绿色 LED 增强型 YST 的贡献（绿色 LED 陷阱）在起飞后在受控条件下重新捕获（“拉动”因素）。在接下来的温室放大实验中，我们测试了在存在绿色 LED 诱捕器的情况下，不同的蓝色聚光灯布置和强度对粉虱扩散的影响。对分散和捕获的粉虱数量进行了计数，结果显示，与没有威慑性 LED 的对照相比，蓝色和蓝色 + UV LED 使分散的粉虱数量增加了一倍，其中 87-90% 在绿色 LED 捕获器上被捕获。在温室中，高强度蓝色聚光灯（186μmol/m ² /s）无论蓝色聚光灯的布置方式如何，都能阻止植物上近50%的粉虱，并且一半以上的粉虱被重新捕获。绿色 LED 诱捕器的吸引力至少是 YST 的两倍，并且在温室中，与对照相比，在高强度威慑性蓝色聚光灯存在下，它捕获的粉虱数量增加了近 12 倍。这些发现对于改进有针对性的粉虱控制技术具有重要意义，并可能导致新的推拉策略的开发。