Nitrogen and phosphorus excretion are major sources of environmental contamination in growing-finishing pig operations. Nutrient excretion can be reduced by feeding pigs daily-tailored diets to their estimated nutrient requirements using individual precision feeding (IPF) techniques. This study modeled and evaluated the environmental impact of moving from conventional group three-phase feeding (CGF) to IPF systems in Quebec, Canada, using life-cycle assessment with Simapro software. The cradle-to-farm model included inputs and outputs of each sub-phase: raw materials/feedstuffs production, feed mill processing, transport, animal rearing, and manure management. The model was identical for both treatments in all aspects except for the production of feeds and barn and manure emissions in the growing-finishing phases. All feed ingredients originated from Quebec, simulating agricultural practices using real management data from an average farm in Quebec. Based on observed pig growth data, the CGF and IPF systems were compared in the growing-finishing phase. IPF diets were modeled as the blend of two feeds (i.e. A and B), while CGF diets were stablished according to the industry. The evaluated impact categories were global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EP), and acidification potential (AP). The functional unit was 1 tonne of feed at the feed mill gate and 1 tonne of finished pig live weight at the farm gate. A Monte Carlo analysis determined the uncertainty of the growth performance results. Feeding programs were compared using analysis of variance. Corn was associated with elevated GWP and AP impacts, leading to higher impacts for diets with higher corn content. Feed B, which contained 83% corn, resulted in impacts of 645 kg of CO2-eq., 8.53 kg SO2-eq., and 4.89 kg PO4-eq. Diets with higher EP impact had a higher percentage of soybean meal. Feed A contained 25% of this ingredient and had an impact of 608 kg CO2-eq., 6.98 kg SO2-eq., and 5.57 kg PO4-eq. CGF diets had environmental impacts between those of feeds A and B. Compared to CGF, applying IPF programs during the growing-finishing phase decreased GWP by 7.6%, AP by 16.2% and EP by 13.0%. IPF significantly reduced the environmental impact in all categories through the more efficient use of nutritional resources by pigs. IPF could help to improve the sustainability of growing-finishing pig operations in Quebec and likely other regions using corn and soybean-based diets.

中文翻译：

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精确饲喂作为减少生猪生产系统环境足迹的工具：生命周期评估


氮和磷的排泄是生长育肥猪操作中环境污染的主要来源。通过使用个体精确饲喂 （IPF） 技术根据猪的估计营养需求给猪喂食每日定制的日粮，可以减少营养物质排泄。本研究使用 Simapro 软件的生命周期评估，对加拿大魁北克省从传统的群体三相饲喂 （CGF） 转向 IPF 系统的环境影响进行了建模和评估。“摇篮到农场”模型包括每个子阶段的输入和输出：原材料/饲料生产、饲料厂加工、运输、动物饲养和粪便管理。除了生长育肥阶段的饲料生产以及谷仓和粪便排放外，两种处理的模型在所有方面都是相同的。所有饲料原料均来自魁北克省，使用来自魁北克省普通农场的真实管理数据模拟农业实践。根据观察到的猪生长数据，在生长育肥阶段比较了 CGF 和 IPF 系统。IPF 日粮被建模为两种饲料（即 A 和 B）的混合物，而 CGF 日粮是根据行业建立的。评估的影响类别是全球变暖潜能值 （GWP）、富营养化潜能值 （EP） 和酸化潜能值 （AP）。功能单元是饲料厂门口的 1 吨饲料和农场门口的 1 吨成品猪活重。蒙特卡洛分析确定了增长绩效结果的不确定性。使用方差分析比较饲喂程序。玉米与 GWP 和 AP 影响升高有关，导致对玉米含量较高的日粮产生更大的影响。饲料 B 含有 83% 的玉米，产生了 645 公斤二氧化碳当量、8.53 公斤 SO2 当量的影响。和 4.89 kg PO4 当量。EP 影响较高的日粮具有较高比例的豆粕。饲料 A 含有 25% 的这种成分，产生了 608 公斤二氧化碳当量、6.98 公斤 SO2 当量和 5.57 公斤 PO4 当量的影响。与 CGF 相比，在生长育肥阶段应用 IPF 程序使 GWP 降低 7.6%，AP 降低 16.2%，EP 降低 13.0%。IPF 通过更有效地利用猪的营养资源，显著降低了所有类别的环境影响。IPF 可以帮助提高魁北克和其他可能使用玉米和大豆饮食的地区生长育肥猪业务的可持续性。