The analysis reveals that the occurrence of summer Monsoon Depressions (MDs) over the North Arabian Sea is doubling during 2001–2022 compared to the 1981–2000 period. This increase stems from changes in the region’s dynamic and thermodynamic conditions. The heightened genesis potential parameter with sea surface temperature and moisture flux transport and its convergence over the North Arabian Sea inducing MDs formation, contrasting to the Bay of Bengal. The dynamic processes involved in its formation, a combination of barotropic and dynamical instability, are leading to increased rainfall over northwestern India. Strong East Asian jet variability, with an anomalous anticyclone in the north and weak cyclonic anomalies in the south, induces prevailing easterly wind anomalies along the monsoon trough. This leads to a poleward shift (~1.13°) in the low-level jet, significantly altering dynamic and thermodynamic parameters in the northern Arabian Sea region leading to a notable increase in MDs.

分析显示，与 1981 年至 2000 年相比，2001 年至 2022 年期间北阿拉伯海夏季季风低压 (MD) 的发生次数增加了一倍。这种增加源于该地区动态和热力学条件的变化。与孟加拉湾相比，海面温度和水分通量输送及其在北阿拉伯海的汇聚导致了MDs的形成，成因势参数升高。其形成过程涉及正压和动力不稳定的动态过程，导致印度西北部降雨量增加。东亚急流变率较强，北部有反气旋异常，南部有弱气旋异常，导致季风槽沿线盛行东风异常。这导致低空急流向极地移动（~1.13°），显着改变阿拉伯海北部地区的动力学和热力学参数，导致MD显着增加。