Objective To assess whether National Football League (NFL) players diagnosed with a concussion have an increased risk of injury after return to football. Methods A retrospective cohort study analysed the hazard of subsequent time-loss lower extremity (LEX) or any musculoskeletal injury among NFL players diagnosed with a concussion in 2015–2021 preseason or regular season games compared with: (1) all non-concussed players participating in the same game and (2) players with time-loss upper extremity injury. Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for number of injuries and concussions in the prior year, player tenure and roster position. Additional models accounted for time lost from participation after concussion. Results There was no statistical difference in the hazards of LEX injury or any musculoskeletal injury among concussed players compared with non-concussed players, though concussed players had a slightly elevated hazard of injury (LEX injury: HR=1.12, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.41; any musculoskeletal injury: HR=1.08, 95% CI: 0.89 to 1.31). When comparing to players with upper extremity injuries, the hazard of injury for concussed players was not statistically different, though HRs suggested a lower injury risk among concussed players (LEX injury: HR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.60 to 1.02; any musculoskeletal injury: HR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.04). Conclusion We found no statistical difference in the risk of subsequent injury among NFL players returning from concussion compared with non-concussed players in the same game or players returning from upper extremity injury. These results suggest deconditioning or other factors associated with lost participation time may explain subsequent injury risk in concussed players observed in some settings after return to play. No data are available.

中文翻译：

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国家橄榄球联盟球员脑震荡后随后出现的肌肉骨骼损伤


目的 评估被诊断患有脑震荡的国家橄榄球联盟 (NFL) 球员重返足球场后受伤的风险是否会增加。方法 一项回顾性队列研究分析了 2015-2021 年季前赛或常规赛中被诊断为脑震荡的 NFL 球员随后出现下肢时间损失 (LEX) 或任何肌肉骨骼损伤的风险，并与以下各项进行比较：(1) 所有参加比赛的非脑震荡球员在同一场比赛中和（2）名因缺时上肢受伤的球员。考克斯比例风险模型根据上一年的受伤和脑震荡数量、球员任期和名单位置进行了调整。其他模型考虑了脑震荡后因参与而损失的时间。结果 与非脑震荡运动员相比，脑震荡运动员的 LEX 损伤或任何肌肉骨骼损伤的危险性没有统计学差异，但脑震荡运动员的受伤风险略有升高（LEX 损伤：HR=1.12，95% CI 0.90 至 1.41） ；任何肌肉骨骼损伤：HR=1.08，95% CI：0.89 至 1.31）。与上肢受伤的球员相比，脑震荡球员的受伤风险没有统计学差异，但 HR 显示​​脑震荡球员的受伤风险较低（LEX 损伤：HR=0.78，95% CI：0.60 至 1.02；任何肌肉骨骼损伤：HR=0.82，95% CI：0.65 至 1.04)。结论 我们发现，与同场比赛中未发生脑震荡的球员或上肢受伤后恢复的 NFL 球员相比，从脑震荡中恢复的 NFL 球员随后受伤的风险没有统计学差异。这些结果表明，身体状况不佳或与失去参与时间相关的其他因素可能可以解释在某些情况下观察到的脑震荡球员重返比赛后的后续受伤风险。 无可用数据。