This "Year in Review" presents a curated selection of research themes and individual studies within the clinical osteoarthritis (OA) field, focusing on epidemiology and therapy. The search was conducted in electronic database MEDLINE from March 4, 2023, to March 31, 2024, specifically targeting English-language articles involving human participants. Inclusions were based on perceived importance and relevance to identifying risk factors or advancing OA treatments. A total of 6539 studies were screened by the 5 authors, resulting in 157 studies considered for potential inclusion. Ultimately, 44 studies were selected, uncovering six key OA-related themes: i) the burden of OA (mostly from Global Burden of Disease studies), ii) pain drivers and trajectories, iii) impacts of sex/gender, iv) OA risk factors, and treatments for v) hand and vi) knee OA. The prevalence of OA continues to rise, particularly affecting women, with unclear distinctions in risk factors and treatment responses between sexes. Associations with atopy were demonstrated in two significant databases. Notably, the authors were particularly interested in recent high-quality methodology randomized controlled trials focusing on hand (methotrexate, denosumab, colchicine, topical betamethasone) and knee OA with conflicting results about stem cell injection. These findings collectively contribute to show the growing burden of OA, but also to help the understanding of OA pathophysiology and inform ongoing efforts to enhance management for people with OA.

中文翻译：

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2024 年骨关节炎年度回顾：流行病学和治疗


本期“年度回顾”展示了临床骨关节炎 （OA） 领域内精选的研究主题和个体研究，重点关注流行病学和治疗。检索于 2023 年 3 月 4 日至 2024 年 3 月 31 日在电子数据库 MEDLINE 中进行，专门针对涉及人类参与者的英文文章。纳入是基于对识别风险因素或推进 OA 治疗的感知重要性和相关性。5 位作者共筛选了 6539 项研究，导致 157 项研究被考虑纳入。最终，选择了 44 项研究，揭示了 6 个与 OA 相关的关键主题：i） OA 的负担（主要来自全球疾病负担研究），ii） 疼痛驱动因素和轨迹，iii） 性别/性别的影响，iv） OA 风险因素，以及 v） 手和 vi） 膝关节 OA 的治疗。OA 的患病率持续上升，尤其是影响女性，性别之间的风险因素和治疗反应差异不明确。与特应性相关的研究在两个重要的数据库中得到证实。值得注意的是，作者对最近针对手部（甲氨蝶呤、地诺单抗、秋水仙碱、局部倍他米松）和膝关节 OA 的高质量方法随机对照试验特别感兴趣，这些试验在干细胞注射方面的结果相互矛盾。这些发现共同有助于显示 OA 负担的增加，但也有助于理解 OA 病理生理学，并为加强 OA 患者管理的持续努力提供信息。