ds, particularly in the seeds, nuts, grains, and fruits of plants. This article reviews the structure and many actions of phytate with particular reference to its potential effects on people with CKD. Phytate binds avidly to and can reduce gastrointestinal absorption of the phosphate anion and many macrominerals and trace elements including iron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium. This has led some opinion leaders to label phytate as an anti-nutrient. The human intestine lacks phytase; hence, phytate is essentially not degraded in the small intestine. A small amount of phytate is absorbed from the small intestine, although phytate bound to phosphate is poorly absorbed. Clinical trials in maintenance hemodialysis patients indicate that intravenously administered phytate may decrease hydroxyapatite formation, vascular calcification, and calciphylaxis. Orally administered phytate or in vitro studies indicate that phytate may also reduce osteoporosis, urinary calcium calculi formation, and dental plaque formation. Phytate seems to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, at least partly because of its ability to chelate iron. Other potential therapeutic roles for phytate, not definitively established, include suppression of cancer formation, reduction in cognitive decline that occurs with aging, and amelioration of certain neurodegenerative diseases and several gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders. These latter potential benefits of phytate are supported by cell or animal research or observational studies in humans. Many of the above disorders are particularly common in patients with CKD. Definitive clinical trials to identify potential therapeutic benefits of phytate in patients with CKD are clearly warranted....

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植酸盐治疗慢性肾病的相关性


DS，特别是在植物的种子、坚果、谷物和果实中。本文回顾了植酸盐的结构和许多作用，特别提到了它对 CKD 患者的潜在影响。植酸盐与磷酸盐阴离子紧密结合，并可以减少胃肠道对磷酸盐阴离子和许多常量矿物质和微量元素（包括铁、锌、钙和镁）的吸收。这导致一些意见领袖将植酸盐贴上抗营养物质的标签。人体肠道缺乏植酸酶;因此，植酸盐在小肠中基本上不会被降解。少量植酸盐从小肠吸收，但与磷酸盐结合的植酸盐吸收不良。维持性血液透析患者的临床试验表明，静脉注射植酸盐可以减少羟基磷灰石的形成、血管钙化和钙化防御。口服植酸盐或体外研究表明，植酸盐还可以减少骨质疏松症、尿钙结石形成和牙菌斑形成。植酸盐似乎具有抗炎和抗氧化作用，至少部分原因是它能够螯合铁。植酸盐的其他潜在治疗作用尚未明确，包括抑制癌症形成、减少随着衰老而发生的认知能力下降以及改善某些神经退行性疾病和几种胃肠道和代谢紊乱。植酸盐的后一种潜在益处得到了细胞或动物研究或人类观察性研究的支持。上述许多疾病在 CKD 患者中尤为常见。明确需要进行确定植酸盐对 CKD 患者的潜在治疗益处的确定性临床试验。