Asthma is a common respiratory disease, which may be associated with an increased risk of herpes zoster (HZ), often a debilitating disease associated with severe pain. This is the first systematic review with the objective of summarising evidence on HZ burden in adults with asthma.

A global systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted (MEDLINE and Embase, 2003–2024) on HZ burden (incidence, risk and complications) in adults (≥18 years) with asthma.

There were 19 studies included on HZ outcomes in adults with asthma. Pooled HZ incidence per 1000 person-years was 5.71 (95% CI 4.68–6.96) in adults aged ≥18 years (4.20 (95% CI 3.09–5.70) in those aged <60 years versus 10.33 (95% CI 9.17–11.64) in those aged ≥60 years). The pooled rate ratio for developing HZ was 1.23 (95% CI 1.11–1.35) in those aged ≥18 years and 1.36 (95% CI 1.15–1.61) in those aged ≥50 years. The risk of HZ was higher in people with asthma using systemic corticosteroids, long-acting β-agonists plus inhaled corticosteroids and "add-on therapy". Asthma was also associated with an increased risk of post-herpetic neuralgia (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06–1.37) and HZ ophthalmicus (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.2). Differences in study design, setting, case definitions and follow-up durations led to heterogeneity.

This systematic literature review and meta-analysis found that adults with asthma have an increased risk of HZ, with higher risks in older age groups and in those on certain treatments, such as oral corticosteroids. HZ vaccines are available for adults, including those with comorbidities such as asthma, and can be considered as part of integrated respiratory care.

哮喘是一种常见的呼吸道疾病，可能与带状疱疹 (HZ) 风险增加有关，带状疱疹通常是一种与剧烈疼痛相关的使人衰弱的疾病。这是第一次系统评价，旨在总结成人哮喘患者带状疱疹负担的证据。

对成年哮喘患者（≥18 岁）的 HZ 负担（发病率、风险和并发症）进行了全球系统文献回顾和荟萃分析（MEDLINE 和 Embase，2003-2024）。

有 19 项关于成人哮喘患者带状疱疹结局的研究。每 1000 人年的汇总带状疱疹发病率在 ≥18 岁的成年人中为 5.71 (95% CI 4.68–6.96) (在年龄 <60 岁的成年人中为 4.20 (95% CI 3.09–5.70)，而在 id=0> 则为 10.33 (95% CI 9.17) –11.64) 年龄 ≥60 岁)。 ≥18 岁人群中发生带状疱疹的合并比率为 1.23 (95% CI 1.11–1.35)，≥50 岁人群中发生带状疱疹的合并比率为 1.36 (95% CI 1.15–1.61)。使用全身性皮质类固醇、长效β受体激动剂加吸入性皮质类固醇和“附加疗法”的哮喘患者，带状疱疹的风险较高。哮喘还与带状疱疹后神经痛（OR 1.21，95% CI 1.06-1.37）和眼带状疱疹（OR 1.9，95% CI 1.1-3.2）风险增加相关。研究设计、背景、病例定义和随访持续时间的差异导致了异质性。

这项系统性的文献综述和荟萃分析发现，患有哮喘的成年人患带状疱疹的风险较高，其中年龄较大的人群和接受某些治疗（例如口服皮质类固醇）的人群的风险较高。带状疱疹疫苗适用于成年人，包括患有哮喘等合并症的成年人，并且可以被视为综合呼吸护理的一部分。