This study investigated familial attachment-based processes in middle childhood, using 788 families (50.6% boys; 84.4% White), assessed six times from 4.5 years old to Grade 6. An adapted Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model revealed between-family associations among couple emotional intimacy, relationships with both parents, and child social skills (β = .18–.66). Within-family increases in child assertion and self-control prospectively predicted relationships with parents (βs = .13), and parent–child relationships predicted various child social skills (βs = .13–.17). Couple emotional intimacy predicted child cooperation, assertion, and responsibility (βs = .12–.24) and father–child relationships in Grade 6 (βs = .20–22) at the within-family level. Findings underscore a systemic consideration of attachment-based processes in the family.

中文翻译：

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童年中期夫妻情感亲密度、亲子关系和儿童社交技能的家庭系统调查


本研究调查了童年中期基于家庭依恋的过程，使用了 788 个家庭（50.6% 的男孩;84.4% 的白人），从 4.5 岁到 6 年级进行了六次评估。一个改编的随机截距交叉滞后面板模型揭示了夫妻情感亲密度、与父母双方的关系以及儿童社交技能之间的家庭间关联 （β = .18–.66）。家庭内儿童自信和自我控制的增加前瞻性地预测了与父母的关系 （βs = .13），亲子关系预测了各种儿童社交技能 （βs = .13–.17）。夫妻情感亲密关系在家庭内部水平预测了 6 年级的儿童合作、主张和责任 （βs = .12–.24） 和父子关系 （βs = .20–22）。研究结果强调了对家族中基于依恋的过程的系统性考虑。