Strategies and Mechanisms of First-Row Transition Metal-Regulated Radical C–H Functionalization,Chemical Reviews

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Strategies and Mechanisms of First-Row Transition Metal-Regulated Radical C–H Functionalization
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00188
Xinghua Wang ₁ , Jing He ₁ , Ya-Nan Wang ₂ , Zhenyan Zhao ₁ , Kui Jiang ₁ , Wei Yang ₁ , Tao Zhang ₃ , Shiqi Jia ₁ , Kangbao Zhong ₄ , Linbin Niu _{1,

4} , Yu Lan _{1,

2,

4}

Affiliation

Radical C–H functionalization represents a useful means of streamlining synthetic routes by avoiding substrate preactivation and allowing access to target molecules in fewer steps. The first-row transition metals (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) are Earth-abundant and can be employed to regulate radical C–H functionalization. The use of such metals is desirable because of the diverse interaction modes between first-row transition metal complexes and radical species including radical addition to the metal center, radical addition to the ligand of metal complexes, radical substitution of the metal complexes, single-electron transfer between radicals and metal complexes, hydrogen atom transfer between radicals and metal complexes, and noncovalent interaction between the radicals and metal complexes. Such interactions could improve the reactivity, diversity, and selectivity of radical transformations to allow for more challenging radical C–H functionalization reactions. This review examines the achievements in this promising area over the past decade, with a focus on the state-of-the-art while also discussing existing limitations and the enormous potential of high-value radical C–H functionalization regulated by these metals. The aim is to provide the reader with a detailed account of the strategies and mechanisms associated with such functionalization.

中文翻译：

第一行过渡金属调控的自由基C-H官能化的策略和机制

自由基 C-H 官能化是一种简化合成路线的有用方法，可以避免底物预激活并以更少的步骤获得目标分子。第一行过渡金属（Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni 和 Cu）在地球上含量丰富，可用于调节自由基 C-H 官能化。由于第一行过渡金属络合物和自由基物质之间存在多种相互作用模式，包括自由基加成到金属中心、自由基加成到金属络合物的配体、自由基取代金属络合物、单电子，因此使用此类金属是理想的。自由基与金属络合物之间的转移、自由基与金属络合物之间的氢原子转移以及自由基与金属络合物之间的非共价相互作用。这种相互作用可以提高自由基转化的反应性、多样性和选择性，从而实现更具挑战性的自由基 C-H 官能化反应。本综述考察了过去十年在这一充满前景的领域取得的成就，重点关注最先进的技术，同时也讨论了这些金属调控的高价值自由基 C-H 官能化的现有局限性和巨大潜力。目的是为读者提供与此类功能化相关的策略和机制的详细说明。

更新日期：2024-08-08

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