Industrial solid catalysts are rarely pure materials consisting solely of catalytically active species; many are complex multiphase composites. This complexity is exemplified by zeolite catalysts, which are widely applied in industry. Given the proprietary nature of industrial catalysis, the fundamental chemistry and materials science of binder-catalyst combinations have been largely neglected. Although binders might be considered to be inert components, they often significantly influence catalyst behavior. Over the preceding decade, academic awareness has increased significantly, bridging the knowledge gap between fundamental zeolite research and the practical use of zeolite catalysts. Building on these advances, we aim to summarize the state of this field, focusing on understanding of the role of binders in zeolite catalysts, both with and without metals, and presenting insights into how binders affect acid density, porosity, and the control of the proximity between metal and acid sites within shaped zeolite catalysts. We anticipate that binders will continue to play crucial roles in zeolite catalysis and offer a perspective on emerging topics and recommendations for future work on the subject.

中文翻译：

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粘合剂和基质对含沸石催化剂的影响


工业固体催化剂很少是仅由催化活性物质组成的纯材料；许多是复杂的多相复合材料。这种复杂性的例子是在工业中广泛应用的沸石催化剂。鉴于工业催化的专有性质，粘合剂-催化剂组合的基础化学和材料科学在很大程度上被忽视了。尽管粘合剂可能被认为是惰性组分，但它们通常会显着影响催化剂的行为。在过去的十年中，学术意识显着提高，缩小了沸石基础研究和沸石催化剂实际应用之间的知识差距。基于这些进展，我们旨在总结该领域的现状，重点了解粘合剂在含金属和不含金属的沸石催化剂中的作用，并提出关于粘合剂如何影响酸密度、孔隙率和控制的见解。成形沸石催化剂内金属和酸位点之间的接近度。我们预计粘合剂将继续在沸石催化中发挥关键作用，并为新兴主题提供视角，并为该主题的未来工作提供建议。