Spanish prisoners deported to the Mauthausen Nazi concentration camp were treated and classified in an anomalous and problematic fashion that did not correspond to the real reasons for their detention. Thus, despite being prosecuted as Rotspaniers – ‘red Spaniards’ – a category initially employed to designate those Germans who had fought in the Spanish Civil War in support of the republican government, they were systematically forced to wear a blue badge that, according to the codes usually implemented in camps, classified them as ‘emigrants’, an equally strange category that was applied to all those Jews or political exiles who had fled Germany following the rise of Nazism but had been arrested upon their return to the country. This reality, however, was not shared by the other Spaniards distributed across the other camps in the system or by the other Rotspaniers present in Mauthausen, who were given the red badge that indicated they were political prisoners. This is the anomaly addressed by this article, which, based on study of the administrative sources at Mauthausen and thorough analysis of ‘protective custody’ as a legal instrument employed by the Nazi authorities to neutralize their enemies, enables us to revisit the debate and propose a new interpretative framework through which to re-evaluate the Spanish experience in the network of German camps.

中文翻译：

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罗西班牙犬。关于被驱逐到毛特豪森集中营的西班牙囚犯分类的辩论


被驱逐到毛特豪森纳粹集中营的西班牙囚犯受到异常且有问题的对待和分类，这与拘留他们的真正原因并不相符。因此，尽管被指控为“Rotspaniers”——“红色西班牙人”——这一类别最初是用来指定那些在西班牙内战中支持共和政府的德国人，但他们还是被系统性地强迫佩戴蓝色徽章。通常在难民营中实施的法规将他们归类为“移民”，这是一个同样奇怪的类别，适用于所有在纳粹主义兴起后逃离德国但在返回德国后被捕的犹太人或政治流亡者。然而，分布在系统内其他营地的其他西班牙人或毛特豪森的其他西班牙人并不认同这一现实，他们被授予红色徽章，表明他们是政治犯。这就是本文所讨论的异常现象，基于对毛特豪森行政来源的研究以及对“保护性拘留”作为纳粹当局用来压制敌人的法律手段的深入分析，使我们能够重新审视这场辩论并提出建议一个新的解释框架，通过它重新评估西班牙在德国难民营网络中的经历。