Drought resistance and drought recovery are important metrics of ecosystems in responding to extreme climate events. However, it remains unclear how drought resistance and drought recovery vary across different ecosystems and whether an internal relationship exists between them. Here, we used observed evapotranspiration and gross primary productivity from 118 flux tower stations worldwide to investigate drought resilience in nine ecosystems. Our results show that drought resistance is higher for evergreen forests but lower for croplands and shrublands. Overall, the ecosystem recovery times ranged from 4.1 to 6.7 months, with a monthly recovery rate ranging from 8.5% to 24.4%. Drought resistance had a negative relationship (R2 = 0.61-0.67, p ≤ 0.01) with the drought recovery rate for the nine selected ecosystems, particularly under mild and moderate drought events. This is beneficial for narrowing the difference in recovery time between ecosystems. Our results provide insights for understanding ecosystem behaviors under climate extremes.

中文翻译：

---

全球 118 个通量塔站观察到干旱引起的生态系统抵抗力和恢复


抗旱和干旱恢复是生态系统应对极端气候事件的重要指标。然而，目前尚不清楚不同生态系统的抗旱性和干旱恢复有何不同，以及它们之间是否存在内部关系。在这里，我们利用全球 118 个通量塔站观测到的蒸散量和总初级生产力来调查 9 个生态系统的抗旱能力。我们的结果表明，常绿森林的抗旱性较高，但农田和灌木丛的抗旱性较低。总体而言，生态系统恢复时间为4.1至6.7个月，月恢复率为8.5%至24.4%。九个选定的生态系统的抗旱性与干旱恢复率呈负相关（R2 = 0.61-0.67，p ≤ 0.01），特别是在轻度和中度干旱事件下。这有利于缩小生态系统之间恢复时间的差异。我们的研究结果为理解极端气候下的生态系统行为提供了见解。