Demographic and lifestyle factors associated with dry eye disease in China: A cross-sectional multi-center study,The Ocular Surface

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Demographic and lifestyle factors associated with dry eye disease in China: A cross-sectional multi-center study
The Ocular Surface ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.07.007
Wanju Yang ₁ , Haoyu Wang ₂ , Jinghua Li ₃ , Yuan Chen ₄ , Yu Zhang ₅ , Xiaoxia Niu ₆ , Xiujun Song ₇ , Yuhong Tang ₈ , Dan Chen ₂ , Honglin Han ₉ , Hai Huang ₁₀ , Ying Bao ₁₁ , Xiaofeng Li ₁₂ , Jianzhang Ye ₁₃ , Yu Zheng ₁₄ , Xiangxi Chen ₁ , Chang Liu ₁₅ , Congxiang Wang ₁₆ , Tiehong Chen ₁₇ , Bin Yu ₁₈ , Jingyan Yan ₁₈ , Kuiliang Yang ₁ , Han Zhang ₁ , Qingyan Zeng ₁₉ , Shaowei Li ₂₀

Affiliation

Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430063, China.
Department of Cornea and Ocular Surface Diseases, Wuhan Aier Hankou Eye Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430021, China.
Corneal Ocular Surface Department, Xian Aier Eye Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China.
Ocular Surface Department, Chongqing Eye and Vision Care Hospital, Chongqing, 400010, China.
Eye Surface Corneal Disease Department, Hefei Aier Eye Hospital, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230031, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000, China.
Shijiazhuang Aier Eye Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050051, China.
Corneal Ocular Surface Department, Kunming Aier Eye Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650011, China.
Zhengzhou Aier Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Nanchang, Nangchang, Jiangxi Province, 330000, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250100, China.
Comprehensive Eye Surface Department, Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China.
The Affiliated Dongguan Aier Eye Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523000, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Changchun, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130000, China.
Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410015, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Liaoning, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110003, China.
School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430000, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430063, China; Department of Cornea and Ocular Surface Diseases, Wuhan Aier Hankou Eye Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430021, China; School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, 437100, China; Aier Cornea Institute, Beijing, 100021, China.
Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital, Beijing, 100021, China; Aier Cornea Institute, Beijing, 100021, China; Aier Eye Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300191, China.

Associations were assessed between demographic/lifestyle factors and tear film breakup time (TBUT) defined dry eye disease (DED) in China. The cross-sectional study involved 50,280 subjects (54 ± 17 y) in 217 clinics (25 provinces). Data included sleep disorders; digital screen exposure; and use of cosmetics, contact lenses, and eye drops (for asthenopia). Clinical examinations included TBUT; Schirmer I test; meibomian gland plug status. TBUT-defined DED was TBUT <10 s, with TBUT ≤5 s also considered (i.e., short TBUT-type DED), either unilateral or bilateral. TBUT-defined DED was present in 81.6 % overall. The highest rates were in those 71 years or older, living in the north, with chronic daily sleep disorder, or daily cosmetic application; or daily digital screen exposure for 5 years, contact lenses 4 h, or 3 months eye drops. Compared with those without TBUT-defined DED, those with TBUT-defined DED showed lower Schirmer I results and more severe meibomian gland plug status (each, < 0.001). Independent risk factors of DED were: aging; living in the southwest; daily digital screen exposure ≥3 h; and occasional cosmetic use. Risk factors of DED TBUT ≤5 s were: living in the southwest; wearing contact lenses (>3 y); and using eye drops. Rates of unilateral and bilateral DED were comparable. DED in China is more likely in the aged and those in the north/southwest. DED rates increase with digital screen exposure, and use of cosmetics, contact lenses, or eye drops for asthenopia. Unilateral DED should be treated as promptly as bilateral.

更新日期：2024-07-27

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