Most studies on workplace bullying have adopted a between-person approach, neglecting the potential within-individual fluctuations in the experience of bullying behaviors. However, investigating such fluctuations may prove useful for uncovering processes and mechanisms associated with bullying and its antecedents and consequences as they unfold over time. In the present study, based on recent discoveries on traumatic experiences and posttraumatic stress (PTS), we hypothesized that even short-term exposure to bullying behaviors-such as the exposure that characterizes an individual when the time window considered is a working week-may already have a substantial psychological impact at the within-individual level, as indicated by the experience of PTS symptoms. Additionally, we hypothesized that the development of workplace phobia may act as a mechanism linking the exposure to bullying behaviors during the week and the reported PTS symptomatology, and that person-level vulnerability factors to PTS (e.g., a recent trauma and female gender) accentuate the within-individual relationships. We tested the proposed hypotheses on a sample of 158 workers that were followed for 6 consecutive working weeks for a total of 860 observations. In line with other recent within-individual investigations, we found that exposure to bullying behaviors shows substantial week-level fluctuations. We also found overall support for the hypotheses, including evidence of a within-level lagged impact of bullying behaviors on workplace phobia, suggesting that even nonpersistent exposure to such behaviors is related to potentially nonignorable psychological suffering and PTS symptoms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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每周日记调查，调查暴露于欺凌行为、工作场所恐惧症和创伤后应激症状之间的关系。


大多数关于工作场所欺凌的研究都采用人与人之间的方法，忽略了欺凌行为经历中潜在的个体内部波动。然而，调查此类波动可能有助于揭示与欺凌相关的过程和机制及其随着时间的推移而出现的前因和后果。在本研究中，根据最近对创伤经历和创伤后压力（PTS）的发现，我们假设即使是短期暴露于欺凌行为（例如当考虑的时间窗口是一个工作周时，个人所特有的暴露）也可能正如 PTS 症状的经历所表明的那样，它已经对个人内部产生了重大的心理影响。此外，我们假设工作场所恐惧症的发展可能作为一种机制，将一周内遭受欺凌行为与报告的 PTS 症状联系起来，并且个人层面的 PTS 脆弱性因素（例如，最近的创伤和女性）会加剧个人内部的关系。我们对 158 名工人进行了样本测试，并连续 6 周进行了跟踪，总共获得了 860 项观察结果。与最近的其他个人内部调查一致，我们发现欺凌行为的暴露程度显示出明显的周水平波动。我们还发现了对这些假设的总体支持，包括欺凌行为对工作场所恐惧症的水平内滞后影响的证据，表明即使非持续暴露于此类行为也与潜在的不可忽视的心理痛苦和 PTS 症状有关。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。