Therapeutic claims about many psychedelic drugs have not been evaluated in any studies of even modest rigor. The science of psychedelic drugs is strengthening however, making it easier to differentiate some promising findings amid the hype that suffuses this research area. Ketamine has risks of adverse side effects (e.g., addiction and cystitis), but multiple studies suggest it can benefit individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Other therapeutic signals from psychedelic drug research that merit rigorous replication studies include 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psilocybin for depression, end of life dysphoria, and alcohol use disorder. The precise mechanisms through which psychedelic drugs can produce benefit and harm are not fully understood. Rigorous research is the best path forward for evaluating the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of psychedelic drugs. Policies governing the clinical use of these drugs should be informed by evidence and prioritize the protection of public health over the profit motive.

中文翻译：

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迷幻药的治疗潜力：驾驭高期望、强有力的主张、薄弱的证据和大笔资金


关于许多迷幻药的治疗声明还没有在任何研究中得到评估，即使是适度的严谨性。然而，迷幻药的科学正在加强，这使得在弥漫该研究领域的炒作中更容易区分一些有希望的发现。氯胺酮有不良副作用的风险（例如成瘾和膀胱炎），但多项研究表明它可以使难治性抑郁症患者受益。来自迷幻药研究的其他值得严格复制研究的治疗信号包括用于创伤后应激障碍 （PTSD） 的 3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺 （MDMA） 和用于抑郁症、临终焦虑症和酒精使用障碍的裸盖菇素。迷幻药产生益处和危害的确切机制尚不完全清楚。严格的研究是评估迷幻药的治疗潜力和机制的最佳途径。管理这些药物临床使用的政策应以证据为依据，并将保护公共卫生置于利润动机之上。