Many individuals struggle to regulate their own consumption of food. Beginning with general theories of self-control, we review psychological factors that have been shown to influence the regulation of eating, including those related to particular personality variables, such as external eating, restrained eating, and reward sensitivity, as well as situational constraints, including normative influences, emotions, and calorie deprivation. Strategies for the self-control of eating, including reappraisal, effortful inhibition, and various automatic strategies are also reviewed, along with a discussion of the strengths and limitations of historical and contemporary psychological studies investigating food consumption. Whereas extensive examinations of food preferences and body weight have appeared in the psychological literature, we call for more robust research that prioritizes actual eating as the primary dependent measure.

中文翻译：

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饮食的自我控制


许多人努力调节自己的食物消费。从自我控制的一般理论开始，我们回顾了已被证明影响饮食调节的心理因素，包括与特定人格变量相关的因素，例如外部饮食、克制饮食和奖励敏感性，以及情境限制，包括规范影响、情绪和卡路里剥夺。还回顾了自我控制饮食的策略，包括重新评估、努力抑制和各种自动策略，并讨论了调查食物消费的历史和当代心理学研究的优点和局限性。尽管心理学文献中已经出现了对食物偏好和体重的广泛研究，但我们呼吁进行更强有力的研究，优先考虑实际饮食作为主要的依赖措施。