Military personnel, firefighters, and fire survivors exhibit a higher prevalence of mental health conditions such as depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to the general population. While numerous studies have examined the neurological impacts of physical trauma and psychological stress, research on acute neurobehavioral effects of gas inhalation from explosions or fires is limited. This study investigates the early‐stage neurobehavioral and neuronal consequences of acute explosion gas inhalation in Sprague–Dawley rats. Rats were exposed to simulated explosive gas and subsequently assessed using behavioral tests and neurobiological analyses. The high‐dose exposure group demonstrated significant depression‐like behaviors, including reduced mobility and exploration. However, neuronal damage was not evident in histological analyses. Immunofluorescence revealed increased density of radial glia and oligodendrocytes in specific brain regions, suggesting hypoxia and axon damage induced by gas inhalation as a potential mechanism for the observed neurobehavioral changes. These findings underscore the acute impact of explosion gas inhalation on mental health, highlighting the habenula and dentate gyrus of hippocampus as the possible target regions. The findings are expected to support early diagnosis and treatment strategies for brain injuries caused by explosion gas, offering insights into early intervention for depression and PTSD in affected populations.

中文翻译：

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大鼠对爆炸气体吸入的急性神经行为和神经胶质反应


与普通人群相比，军人、消防员和火灾幸存者表现出更高的心理健康状况患病率，例如抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍 （PTSD）。虽然许多研究已经检查了身体创伤和心理压力对神经系统的影响，但关于爆炸或火灾吸入气体对神经行为的急性影响的研究是有限的。本研究调查了 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠急性吸入爆炸气体的早期神经行为和神经元后果。大鼠暴露于模拟爆炸气体中，随后使用行为测试和神经生物学分析进行评估。高剂量暴露组表现出明显的抑郁样行为，包括活动能力和探索能力下降。然而，神经元损伤在组织学分析中并不明显。免疫荧光显示特定脑区放射状胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞的密度增加，表明气体吸入诱导的缺氧和轴突损伤是观察到的神经行为变化的潜在机制。这些发现强调了吸入爆炸气体对心理健康的严重影响，突出了海马体的缰绳和齿状回是可能的目标区域。这些发现有望支持爆炸气体引起的脑损伤的早期诊断和治疗策略，为受影响人群抑郁症和 PTSD 的早期干预提供见解。