Meta‐analytical evidence for frequency‐dependent selection across the tree of life,Ecology Letters

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Meta‐analytical evidence for frequency‐dependent selection across the tree of life
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.14477
Miguel Gómez-Llano ₁ , Ronald D Bassar ₂ , Erik I Svensson ₃ , Simon P Tye ₄ , Adam M Siepielski ₄

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Explaining the maintenance of genetic variation in fitness‐related traits within populations is a fundamental challenge in ecology and evolutionary biology. Frequency‐dependent selection (FDS) is one mechanism that can maintain such variation, especially when selection favours rare variants (negative FDS). However, our general knowledge about the occurrence of FDS, its strength and direction remain fragmented, limiting general inferences about this important evolutionary process. We systematically reviewed the published literature on FDS and assembled a database of 747 effect sizes from 101 studies to analyse the occurrence, strength, and direction of FDS, and the factors that could explain heterogeneity in FDS. Using a meta‐analysis, we found that overall, FDS is more commonly negative, although not significantly when accounting for phylogeny. An analysis of absolute values of effect sizes, however, revealed the widespread occurrence of modest FDS. However, negative FDS was only significant in laboratory experiments and non‐significant in mesocosms and field‐based studies. Moreover, negative FDS was stronger in studies measuring fecundity and involving resource competition over studies using other fitness components or focused on other ecological interactions. Our study unveils key general patterns of FDS and points in future promising research directions that can help us understand a long‐standing fundamental problem in evolutionary biology and its consequences for demography and ecological dynamics.

中文翻译：

整个生命之树频率依赖性选择的元分析证据

解释种群内适应性相关性状遗传变异的维持是生态学和进化生物学的一个基本挑战。频率依赖性选择（FDS）是一种可以维持这种变化的机制，尤其是当选择偏向于罕见变异（负 FDS）时。然而，我们对 FDS 的发生、强度和方向的一般知识仍然支离破碎，限制了对这一重要进化过程的一般推断。我们系统地回顾了已发表的关于 FDS 的文献，并收集了来自 101 项研究的 747 个效应量的数据库，以分析 FDS 的发生、强度和方向，以及可以解释 FDS 异质性的因素。使用荟萃分析，我们发现总体而言，FDS 更普遍为阴性，尽管在考虑系统发育时并不显着。然而，对效应量绝对值的分析揭示了适度 FDS 的广泛发生。然而，阴性 FDS 仅在实验室实验中显著，而在中宇宙和现场研究中不显著。此外，与使用其他健身成分或专注于其他生态相互作用的研究相比，负 FDS 在测量繁殖力和涉及资源竞争的研究中更强。我们的研究揭示了 FDS 的关键一般模式和未来有前途的研究方向，可以帮助我们理解进化生物学中一个长期存在的基本问题及其对人口学和生态动力学的影响。

更新日期：2024-08-03

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