The interaction between warming and enrichment accelerates food‐web simplification in freshwater systems,Ecology Letters

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The interaction between warming and enrichment accelerates food‐web simplification in freshwater systems
Ecology Letters ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 , DOI: 10.1111/ele.14480
Willem Bonnaffé _{1,

2} , Alain Danet _{3,

4} , Camille Leclerc _{5,

6} , Victor Frossard _{6,

7} , Eric Edeline ₈ , Arnaud Sentis _{5,

6}

Affiliation

Nutrient enrichment and climate warming threaten freshwater systems. Metabolic theory and the paradox of enrichment predict that both stressors independently can lead to simpler food‐webs having fewer nodes, shorter food‐chains and lower connectance, but cancel each other's effects when simultaneously present. Yet, these theoretical predictions remain untested in complex natural systems. We inferred the food‐web structure of 256 lakes and 373 streams from standardized fish community samplings in France. Contrary to theoretical predictions, we found that warming shortens fish food‐chain length and that this effect was magnified in enriched streams and lakes. Additionally, lakes experiencing enrichment exhibit lower connectance in their fish food‐webs. Our study suggests that warming and enrichment interact to magnify food‐web simplification in nature, raising further concerns about the fate of freshwater systems as climate change effects will dramatically increase in the coming decades.

中文翻译：

变暖和富集之间的相互作用加速了淡水系统中食物网的简化

营养物富集和气候变暖威胁着淡水系统。代谢理论和富集悖论预测，两种压力源独立地可以导致更简单的食物网，具有更少的节点、更短的食物链和更低的连接性，但同时存在时会抵消彼此的影响。然而，这些理论预测仍未在复杂的自然系统中得到检验。我们从法国标准化鱼类群落采样中推断出 256 个湖泊和 373 条溪流的食物网结构。与理论预测相反，我们发现变暖缩短了鱼类食物链的长度，并且这种效应在富集的溪流和湖泊中被放大。此外，经历富集的湖泊在鱼类食物网中表现出较低的联系。我们的研究表明，变暖和富化相互作用，放大了自然界食物网的简化，引起了人们对淡水系统命运的进一步担忧，因为未来几十年气候变化的影响将急剧增加。

更新日期：2024-08-03

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