OBJECTIVE Positive and negative affect play critical roles in depression and anxiety treatment, but the dynamic processes of how affect changes over treatment in relation to changes in symptoms is unclear. The study goal was to examine relationships among changes in positive and negative affect with changes in depression and anxiety symptoms. METHOD This secondary analysis used a combined sample (N = 196) of two trials (Craske et al., 2019, 2023) comparing positive affect treatment (PAT) to negative affect treatment. Longitudinal cross-lag panel models explored whether changes in positive and negative affect (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Watson et al., 1988) predicted subsequent changes in depression and anxiety symptoms (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), whether symptoms predicted subsequent changes in affect, and whether treatment condition moderated these relationships. RESULTS Increases in positive affect predicted subsequent decreases in depression and anxiety symptoms, regardless of treatment condition. Symptoms did not reciprocally predict changes in positive affect. For individuals in PAT, decreases in negative affect predicted subsequent decreases in symptoms. Moreover, decreases in symptoms predicted subsequent decreases in negative affect, regardless of treatment condition. CONCLUSIONS Results did not support a reciprocal relationship between positive affect and symptoms of depression and anxiety since positive affect predicted depression and anxiety symptoms but not vice versa. Results supported a reciprocal relationship between negative affect and symptoms of depression and anxiety since negative affect predicted depression and anxiety symptoms in PAT, and depression and anxiety symptoms predicted negative affect in both treatment conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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抑郁和焦虑心理治疗中积极和消极影响的变化。


目的 积极和消极情绪在抑郁和焦虑治疗中发挥着关键作用，但治疗过程中影响如何与症状变化相关的动态过程尚不清楚。该研究的目标是检查积极和消极情绪的变化与抑郁和焦虑症状的变化之间的关系。方法 此二次分析使用两项试验（Craske 等人，2019 年、2023 年）的组合样本 (N = 196)，比较积极情感治疗 (PAT) 与消极情感治疗。纵向交叉滞后面板模型探讨了积极和消极情感的变化（积极和消极情感表；Watson 等人，1988）是否可以预测抑郁和焦虑症状的后续变化（抑郁焦虑压力量表；Lovibond & Lovibond，1995），是否症状预测随后的情感变化，以及治疗条件是否调节这些关系。结果 无论治疗条件如何，积极情绪的增加预示着抑郁和焦虑症状的随后减少。症状并不能相互预测积极情绪的变化。对于 PAT 患者来说，负面情绪的减少预示着随后症状的减轻。此外，无论治疗条件如何，症状的减轻预示着负面情绪的随后减少。结论 结果并不支持积极情绪与抑郁和焦虑症状之间存在相互关系，因为积极情绪可预测抑郁和焦虑症状，但反之则不然。 结果支持负面情绪与抑郁和焦虑症状之间存在相互关系，因为负面情绪可预测 PAT 中的抑郁和焦虑症状，而抑郁和焦虑症状可预测两种治疗条件下的负面情绪。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。