Nature Microbiology ( IF 20.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01758-y
Matthias I Gröschel 1, 2, 3 , Francy J Pérez-Llanos 4, 5, 6 , Roland Diel 7, 8 , Roger Vargas 1 , Vincent Escuyer 9 , Kimberlee Musser 9 , Lisa Trieu 10 , Jeanne Sullivan Meissner 10 , Jillian Knorr 10 , Don Klinkenberg 11 , Peter Kouw 12 , Susanne Homolka 13 , Wojciech Samek 14, 15 , Barun Mathema 16 , Dick van Soolingen 11 , Stefan Niemann 4, 17 , Shama Desai Ahuja 10 , Maha R Farhat 1, 18
Several human-adapted Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (Mtbc) lineages exhibit a restricted geographical distribution globally. These lineages are hypothesized to transmit more effectively among sympatric hosts, that is, those that share the same geographical area, though this is yet to be confirmed while controlling for exposure, social networks and disease risk after exposure. Using pathogen genomic and contact tracing data from 2,279 tuberculosis cases linked to 12,749 contacts from three low-incidence cities, we show that geographically restricted Mtbc lineages were less transmissible than lineages that have a widespread global distribution. Allopatric host–pathogen exposure, in which the restricted pathogen and host are from non-overlapping areas, had a 38% decrease in the odds of infection among contacts compared with sympatric exposures. We measure tenfold lower uptake of geographically restricted lineage 6 strains compared with widespread lineage 4 strains in allopatric macrophage infections. We conclude that Mtbc strain–human long-term coexistence has resulted in differential transmissibility of Mtbc lineages and that this differs by human population.
中文翻译:
结核分枝杆菌传播的差异率与宿主-病原体同源性相关
几种适应人类的结核分枝杆菌复合体 (Mtbc) 谱系在全球范围内表现出有限的地理分布。据推测,这些谱系在同域宿主(即共享同一地理区域的宿主)之间传播更有效,尽管这在控制暴露、社交网络和暴露后疾病风险时尚未得到证实。利用与来自三个低发病率城市的 12,749 名接触者相关的 2,279 例结核病病例的病原体基因组和接触者追踪数据,我们发现,受地理限制的 Mtbc 谱系的传播性低于在全球广泛分布的谱系。异域宿主-病原体暴露(其中限制的病原体和宿主来自非重叠区域)与同域暴露相比,接触者感染的几率降低了 38%。我们测量到,在异域巨噬细胞感染中,与广泛分布的谱系 4 菌株相比,地域限制的谱系 6 菌株的摄取量低十倍。我们得出的结论是,结核分枝杆菌菌株与人类的长期共存导致了结核分枝杆菌谱系的不同传播性,并且这因人群而异。