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Techno-economic Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment of Biomass-Derived Polyhydroxyurethane and Nonisocyanate Polythiourethane Production and Reprocessing
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c04046
Chao Liang 1 , Yasheen Jadidi 2, 3 , Yixuan Chen 2, 3 , Ulises Gracida-Alvarez 4 , John M Torkelson 2, 3, 5 , Troy R Hawkins 4 , Jennifer B Dunn 2, 3
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c04046
Chao Liang 1 , Yasheen Jadidi 2, 3 , Yixuan Chen 2, 3 , Ulises Gracida-Alvarez 4 , John M Torkelson 2, 3, 5 , Troy R Hawkins 4 , Jennifer B Dunn 2, 3
Affiliation
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Nonisocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) show promise as more sustainable alternatives to conventional isocyanate-based polyurethanes (PUs). In this study, polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) and nonisocyanate polythiourethane (NIPTU) production and reprocessing models inform the results of a techno-economic analysis and a life cycle assessment. The profitability of selling PHU and NIPTU is rationalized by identifying significant production costs, indicating that raw materials drive the costs of PHU and NIPTU production and reprocessing. After stepping along a path of process improvements, PHU and NIPTU can achieve minimum selling prices (MSPs) of 3.15 and 4.39 USD kg–1, respectively. Depolymerization yields need to be optimized, and polycondensation reactions need to be investigated for the reprocessing of NIPUs into secondary (2°) NIPUs. Of the NIPUs examined here, PHU has a low depolymerization yield and NIPTU has a high depolymerization yield. Fossil energy use, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and water consumption are reported for the biobased production of PHU, NIPTU, 2° PHU, and 2° NIPTU and compared with baseline values for fossil-based PU production. There are options for reducing environmental impacts, which could make these pathways more sustainable. If barriers to implementation are overcome, 2° NIPUs can be manufactured at lower cost and environmental impacts than those of virgin NIPUs.
中文翻译:
生物质衍生聚羟基聚氨酯和非异氰酸酯聚硫氨酯生产和再加工的技术经济分析和生命周期评估
非异氰酸酯聚氨酯 (NIPU) 有望成为传统异氰酸酯聚氨酯 (PU) 的更可持续的替代品。在这项研究中,聚羟基聚氨酯(PHU)和非异氰酸酯聚硫氨酯(NIPTU)的生产和再加工模型为技术经济分析和生命周期评估的结果提供了信息。通过确定重要的生产成本,销售 PHU 和 NIPTU 的盈利能力得以合理化,表明原材料推动了 PHU 和 NIPTU 的生产和再加工成本。经过工艺改进后,PHU 和 NIPTU 可以分别实现 3.15 美元和 4.39 美元 kg –1的最低销售价格 (MSP)。需要优化解聚产率,并且需要研究缩聚反应,以将 NIPU 重新加工成二级 (2°) NIPU。在此检查的 NIPU 中,PHU 的解聚产率较低,而 NIPTU 的解聚产率较高。报告了 PHU、NIPTU、2° PHU 和 2° NIPTU 生物基生产的化石能源使用、温室气体 (GHG) 排放和水消耗,并与化石基 PU 生产的基线值进行比较。有多种减少环境影响的选择,可以使这些途径更具可持续性。如果克服了实施障碍,2° NIPU 的制造成本和环境影响将低于原始 NIPU。
更新日期:2024-08-01
中文翻译:
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生物质衍生聚羟基聚氨酯和非异氰酸酯聚硫氨酯生产和再加工的技术经济分析和生命周期评估
非异氰酸酯聚氨酯 (NIPU) 有望成为传统异氰酸酯聚氨酯 (PU) 的更可持续的替代品。在这项研究中,聚羟基聚氨酯(PHU)和非异氰酸酯聚硫氨酯(NIPTU)的生产和再加工模型为技术经济分析和生命周期评估的结果提供了信息。通过确定重要的生产成本,销售 PHU 和 NIPTU 的盈利能力得以合理化,表明原材料推动了 PHU 和 NIPTU 的生产和再加工成本。经过工艺改进后,PHU 和 NIPTU 可以分别实现 3.15 美元和 4.39 美元 kg –1的最低销售价格 (MSP)。需要优化解聚产率,并且需要研究缩聚反应,以将 NIPU 重新加工成二级 (2°) NIPU。在此检查的 NIPU 中,PHU 的解聚产率较低,而 NIPTU 的解聚产率较高。报告了 PHU、NIPTU、2° PHU 和 2° NIPTU 生物基生产的化石能源使用、温室气体 (GHG) 排放和水消耗,并与化石基 PU 生产的基线值进行比较。有多种减少环境影响的选择,可以使这些途径更具可持续性。如果克服了实施障碍,2° NIPU 的制造成本和环境影响将低于原始 NIPU。