Intimate partner violence is a serious public health problem and negatively affects short-term and long-term health, development, and wellbeing of adolescent girls. Global estimates from WHO have shown that adolescent girls aged 15–19 years experience high rates of intimate partner violence. We aimed to estimate the lifetime and past-year prevalence and patterns of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against adolescent girls by male partners across 161 countries and areas, and to examine the country-level factors, including the prevalence of child marriage, associated with the lifetime and past-year prevalence of intimate partner violence in this age group. These analyses used the 2018 global, regional, and country estimates on intimate partner violence published by WHO and economic, social, and political metadata from subject-specific databases. Drawing on data from the WHO Global Database on Prevalence of Violence Against Women, we used hierarchical Bayesian modelling techniques to estimate lifetime and past-year prevalence of physical or sexual (or both) intimate partner violence against adolescent girls aged 15–19 years by country. Linear regression methods were used to examine contextual social, economic, and political factors associated with intimate partner violence against adolescent girls in the 101 countries (lifetime prevalence) and 105 countries (past-year prevalence) for which these metadata were available. The estimated global prevalence of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against ever-partnered adolescent girls aged 15–19 years was 24% (95% uncertainty interval 21–28) in their lifetime and 16% (14–19) in the past year. Prevalence varied greatly across countries and regions, with lifetime prevalence ranging from 6% (3–11) in Georgia to 49% (35–64) in Papua New Guinea. Overall, the prevalence of both lifetime (154 countries) and past-year (157 countries) intimate partner violence against adolescent girls was higher in low-income and lower-middle-income countries and regions than in high-income countries and regions. Countries with higher rates of female secondary school enrolment and those with inheritance laws that are more gender-equal had lower prevalence of intimate partner violence against adolescent girls. Lower-income countries and societies with a high prevalence of child marriage had higher prevalence of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against adolescent girls. Our findings highlight the widespread prevalence of intimate partner violence against adolescent girls across the globe and its relationship with country-level contextual factors. They emphasise the need for promoting and ensuring policies and programmes that increase and ensure gender equality. Countries should strive to provide secondary education for all girls, ensure equal property rights for women, eliminate discriminatory gender norms, and address harmful practices such as child marriage. UN Women–WHO Joint Programme on Strengthening Violence Against Women Data funded by the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Development Office and the UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction.

中文翻译：

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亲密伴侣暴力侵害少女行为：区域和国家患病率估计以及相关的国家层面因素


亲密伴侣暴力是一个严重的公共卫生问题，对青春期女孩的短期和长期健康、发展和福祉产生负面影响。世界卫生组织的全球估计显示，15-19 岁的少女遭受亲密伴侣暴力的比例很高。我们的目的是估计 161 个国家和地区男性伴侣对青春期女孩实施亲密伴侣暴力或性暴力的一生和过去一年的流行率和模式，并研究国家层面的因素，包括童婚的流行率，该年龄组一生中和过去一年中亲密伴侣暴力的发生率。这些分析使用了世界卫生组织发布的 2018 年全球、区域和国家对亲密伴侣暴力的估计以及来自特定主题数据库的经济、社会和政治元数据。根据世界卫生组织全球暴力侵害妇女行为流行率数据库的数据，我们使用分层贝叶斯建模技术来估计各个国家 15-19 岁少女遭受亲密伴侣暴力或性暴力（或两者兼而有之）的一生和过去一年的流行率。在可获得这些元数据的 101 个国家（一生发生率）和 105 个国家（过去一年发生率）中，使用线性回归方法检查与亲密伴侣暴力侵害少女行为相关的背景社会、经济和政治因素。据估计，全球 15-19 岁曾有伴侣的少女遭受亲密伴侣身体或性暴力的发生率在其一生中为 24%（95% 不确定区间 21-28），在过去一年为 16%（14-19）。 不同国家和地区的患病率差异很大，终生患病率从格鲁吉亚的 6%（3-11）到巴布亚新几内亚的 49%（35-64）不等。总体而言，低收入和中低收入国家和地区的一生（154 个国家）和过去一年（157 个国家）亲密伴侣暴力侵害少女行为的发生率均高于高收入国家和地区。女生中学入学率较高以及继承法更加性别平等的国家，亲密伴侣暴力侵害少女的发生率较低。童婚盛行的低收入国家和社会，亲密伴侣针对少女的身体暴力或性暴力的发生率较高。我们的研究结果强调了全球范围内针对少女的亲密伴侣暴力行为的普遍存在及其与国家层面背景因素的关系。他们强调需要促进和确保加强和确保性别平等的政策和计划。各国应努力为所有女童提供中等教育，确保妇女平等财产权，消除歧视性性别规范，并解决童婚等有害做法。联合国妇女署-世界卫生组织关于加强暴力侵害妇女数据的联合计划，由英国外交和联邦发展办公室以及联合国开发计划署-人口基金-儿童基金会-世界卫生组织-世界银行人类生殖研究、开发和研究培训特别计划资助。