The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) -related psychostimulant use in the context of concussion risk and symptom recovery. Data were obtained from the National Collegiate Athletic Association Department of Defense Grand Alliance Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (NCAA-DOD CARE) Consortium from 2014 to 2017. Relative to individuals without diagnosed ADHD (i.e., control), both ADHD diagnosis and the combination of ADHD diagnosis and psychostimulant use were associated with a greater risk of incurring a concussive injury. Following a concussive injury, ADHD diagnosis was associated with longer symptom recovery time relative to the control group. However, individuals with ADHD who use psychostimulants did not take longer to resolve symptoms than controls, suggesting that psychostimulants may have a positive influence on recovery. Regardless of time point, ADHD diagnosis was associated with an elevated number of concussion-related symptoms; however, this effect appears mitigated by having used ADHD-related psychostimulants.

中文翻译：

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患有精神兴奋剂治疗的注意力缺陷/多动障碍的运动员的脑震荡风险和恢复：来自 NCAA-DOD CARE 联盟的调查结果。


本研究的目的是探讨注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 相关精神兴奋剂的使用对脑震荡风险和症状恢复的影响。数据来自 2014 年至 2017 年美国大学体育协会国防部大联盟脑震荡评估、研究和教育 (NCAA-DOD CARE) 联盟。相对于未诊断出 ADHD 的个体（即对照），ADHD 诊断和ADHD 诊断和精神兴奋剂的使用相结合会增加发生脑震荡的风险。脑震荡损伤后，与对照组相比，多动症诊断与更长的症状恢复时间相关。然而，使用精神兴奋剂的多动症患者并没有比对照组花费更长的时间来解决症状，这表明精神兴奋剂可能对康复有积极的影响。无论在哪个时间点，多动症的诊断都与脑震荡相关症状的增加有关。然而，使用与多动症相关的精神兴奋剂似乎可以减轻这种影响。