Concrete, a widely-utilized construction material for diagnostic room, heavily relies on Portland cement which is a major contributor to carbon emissions. Thus, this study focused on replacing cement with combination with clay (bentonite and kaolin) and eggshell powder (ESP) as possible shielding materials for diagnostic x-rays. 2 cm blocks are made from combination of clay-ESP, clay-cement and cement-ESP with replacement portions of 0%, 25%, 50% and 75%. Radiation shielding parameters (RAR, LAC, MAC and HVL) of these samples are investigated using a general x-ray machine at 60, 80, 100 and 120 kVp. In addition, elemental composition and compressive strength test are also performed on the blocks. As a result, between all combination, cement-ESP shows the highest RAR, LAC and MAC, however addition of ESP in cement did not show a significant photon absorption capability. Meanwhile, addition of ESP in the mixing portion for both clay results the RAR and MAC to increase due to presence of Si and Ca element in the blocks. In addition, clay-cement combination shows comparable shielding properties value and compressive strength to pure cement block. Therefore, since the objective of this study is to substitute cement with an environmentally friendly material, this particular combination is adequate for serving as a protective barrier for diagnostic purposes.

中文翻译：

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蛋壳增强复合材料：用于诊断 X 射线应用的创新辐射屏蔽材料


混凝土是诊断室广泛使用的建筑材料，严重依赖波特兰水泥，而波特兰水泥是碳排放的主要贡献者。因此，本研究的重点是用粘土（膨润土和高岭土）和蛋壳粉 (ESP) 组合代替水泥作为诊断 X 射线的可能屏蔽材料。 2 厘米块由粘土-ESP、粘土-水泥和水泥-ESP 的组合制成，替换比例为 0%、25%、50% 和 75%。使用通用 X 射线机在 60、80、100 和 120 kVp 下研究这些样品的辐射屏蔽参数（RAR、LAC、MAC 和 HVL）。此外，还对块体进行元素成分和抗压强度测试。结果，在所有组合中，水泥-ESP 显示出最高的 RAR、LAC 和 MAC，但在水泥中添加 ESP 并未显示出显着的光子吸收能力。同时，由于块体中存在 Si 和 Ca 元素，在两种粘土的混合部分中添加 ESP 会导致 RAR 和 MAC 增加。此外，粘土-水泥组合显示出与纯水泥块相当的屏蔽性能值和抗压强度。因此，由于本研究的目的是用环保材料替代水泥，这种特殊的组合足以作为诊断目的的保护屏障。