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Quaternary Carbon Editing Enabled by Sequential Palladium Migration
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-25 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07706 Hua Wu 1, 2 , Takuji Fujii 1 , Qian Wang 1 , Jieping Zhu 1
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-07-25 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07706 Hua Wu 1, 2 , Takuji Fujii 1 , Qian Wang 1 , Jieping Zhu 1
Affiliation
Peripheral functionalization of a quaternary carbon via C(sp3)–H bond activation has made significant progress in recent years. However, direct editing of a quaternary carbon through Csp3–Csp3 bond cleavage and refunctionalization of nonstrained acyclic molecules remain underexploited. Herein we report a reaction in which a methyl group attached to a quaternary carbon is shifted to its neighboring secondary carbon with concurrent oxidation of the quaternary C–C single bond to the C═C double bond. Specifically, morpholinyl amide of 2,2-dimethyl alkanoic acids is converted to 2-methylene-3-methyl alkanoic acid derivatives in the presence of a catalytic amount of palladium acetate, Selectfluor and sodium carbonate. Control experiments suggest that the reaction proceeds via a sequence of selective C(sp3)–H activation of the methyl group, oxidation of the resulting C(sp3)–PdII to PdIV intermediate followed by unprecedented 1,3-PdIV migration, 1,2-methyl/PdIV dyotropic rearrangement and finally, β–Hydride elimination. In this domino process, palladium migrates successively from the primary to the secondary and finally to the quaternary carbon, leading to the concurrent functionalization of a primary, a secondary, and a quaternary carbon.
中文翻译:
通过连续钯迁移实现季碳编辑
近年来,通过C(sp 3 )–H键活化对季碳进行外围功能化已经取得了重大进展。然而,通过 Csp 3 –Csp 3键断裂和非应变无环分子的重新功能化来直接编辑季碳仍然没有得到充分利用。在此,我们报告了一种反应,其中连接到季碳的甲基基团转移到其相邻的仲碳,同时将季碳单键氧化为碳=碳双键。具体地,2,2-二甲基链烷酸的吗啉基酰胺在催化量的乙酸钯、Selectflu和碳酸钠存在下转化为2-亚甲基-3-甲基链烷酸衍生物。对照实验表明,该反应通过甲基基团的一系列选择性 C(sp 3 )–H 活化、所得 C(sp 3 )–Pd II氧化为 Pd IV中间体以及前所未有的 1,3-Pd IV进行。迁移,1,2-甲基/Pd IV共变重排,最后,β-氢化物消除。在这个多米诺骨牌过程中,钯依次从伯碳迁移到仲碳,最后迁移到季碳,导致伯碳、仲碳和季碳同时官能化。
更新日期:2024-07-25
中文翻译:
通过连续钯迁移实现季碳编辑
近年来,通过C(sp 3 )–H键活化对季碳进行外围功能化已经取得了重大进展。然而,通过 Csp 3 –Csp 3键断裂和非应变无环分子的重新功能化来直接编辑季碳仍然没有得到充分利用。在此,我们报告了一种反应,其中连接到季碳的甲基基团转移到其相邻的仲碳,同时将季碳单键氧化为碳=碳双键。具体地,2,2-二甲基链烷酸的吗啉基酰胺在催化量的乙酸钯、Selectflu和碳酸钠存在下转化为2-亚甲基-3-甲基链烷酸衍生物。对照实验表明,该反应通过甲基基团的一系列选择性 C(sp 3 )–H 活化、所得 C(sp 3 )–Pd II氧化为 Pd IV中间体以及前所未有的 1,3-Pd IV进行。迁移,1,2-甲基/Pd IV共变重排,最后,β-氢化物消除。在这个多米诺骨牌过程中,钯依次从伯碳迁移到仲碳,最后迁移到季碳,导致伯碳、仲碳和季碳同时官能化。