Local government is at the forefront of providing communities with urban greenspace, amidst responding to global challenges of climate change, biodiversity loss and population growth. Much research has focused on the demands for more urban greenspace; far less has examined issues concerning supply. Better understanding of the dilemmas faced by those charged with the task of providing urban greenspace at the city scale can help policymakers, planners, and aligned professions ensure that municipal resources are appropriately and justly allocated. We aim to address this gap, answering two research questions: 1) what factors shape urban greenspace provision, and 2) how do these factors manifest differently for municipalities of Australia and New Zealand? We surveyed 82 local government officers/officials from mid-size municipalities of nine Anglophone countries about their experience providing municipal greenspace. We expose some of the experiences, challenges, and emerging issues facing contemporary municipal greenspace providers globally, including the drivers and barriers to urban greenspace provision. Findings reveal the complexities of supplying urban greenspace, shaped by multiple factors. While funding, community expectations, and governance tools, are the main factors, funding is the main barrier to providing urban greenspace globally. Moreover, almost all other factors affect availability of sufficient funding. Key differences for Australia and New Zealand reveal a broadening conceptualisation of the purpose of parks: more so multi-purpose than primarily sport and recreation. Revealing challenges greenspace managers face in delivering adequate urban greenspace and facilities, these findings question the efficacy of the current planning approaches embedded in planning legislation, municipal greenspace plans and strategies.

中文翻译：

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资金稀缺和无效的治理工具如何抑制城市绿地的提供：市政绿地管理者的见解探索


在应对气候变化、生物多样性丧失和人口增长等全球挑战的过程中，地方政府处于为社区提供城市绿地的最前沿。许多研究都集中在对更多城市绿地的需求上。对供应问题的研究要少得多。更好地了解负责在城市范围内提供城市绿地的人员所面临的困境，可以帮助政策制定者、规划者和相关专业人士确保市政资源得到适当和公正的分配。我们的目标是解决这一差距，回答两个研究问题：1）哪些因素影响城市绿地的提供，2）这些因素在澳大利亚和新西兰的城市中有何不同的表现？我们对来自 9 个英语国家中型城市的 82 名地方政府官员/官员进行了调查，了解他们提供市政绿地的经验。我们揭示了全球当代市政绿地提供商面临的一些经验、挑战和新问题，包括城市绿地供应的驱动因素和障碍。调查结果揭示了供应城市绿地的复杂性，受多种因素影响。虽然资金、社区期望和治理工具是主要因素，但资金是在全球范围内提供城市绿地的主要障碍。此外，几乎所有其他因素都会影响充足资金的可用性。澳大利亚和新西兰的主要差异揭示了公园用途的广泛概念：更多的是多用途，而不是主要的体育和娱乐。 这些发现揭示了绿地管理者在提供充足的城市绿地和设施方面面临的挑战，并对规划立法、市政绿地计划和战略中现行规划方法的有效性提出了质疑。