Urban forest management plans (UFMPs) are a key element of the planning process in urban forestry. While we can learn about management intentions by analyzing the content of UFMPs, less is known about happens after plan implementation has begun. This study fills this gap by exploring how is UFMP implementation advancing. To do this we asked municipal urban forest professionals working in Canadian municipalities with a UFMP to answer an online survey. The survey: 1) characterized UFMP development; 2) assessed the level of achievement of UFMP objectives; 3) assessed which municipal characteristics led to UFMP objective achievement; and 4) assessed professional views on the outcomes of having a UFMP. Based on n = 118 responses across Canada, we found that UFMPs have been published frequently in the last 20 years, with a peak during the period 2010–2014. On average, and as shared by the respondents, the level of achievement of UFMP objectives was over 50 %, indicating good progress in UFMP implementation. We found no statistically significant differences in the level of UFMP objective achievement by type of city or language of community (English/French), among other factors. There was a consensus among professionals that increasing financial resources for urban forests was an expected outcome of having an UFMP, although there were also diverse and complementary views about the outcome of a UFMPs. A key finding was that climate change objectives are not being implemented or included in UFMPs at high levels. While focused on Canadian cities, this study also provides guidelines on how to assess UFMP implementation across case studies, as well as insights regarding the management objectives that are being overlooked in plan implementation. This may enable future work by researchers and practitioners working in fields related to nature-based solutions, green infrastructure, urban climate adaptation, and sustainable cities worldwide.

中文翻译：

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加拿大各城市在实施城市森林管理计划方面存在差距


城市森林管理计划（UFMP）是城市林业规划过程的关键要素。虽然我们可以通过分析 UFMP 的内容来了解​​管理层的意图，但在计划实施开始后，我们了解的却很少。本研究通过探索 UFMP 实施如何推进来填补这一空白。为此，我们要求在加拿大各城市从事 UFMP 工作的市政城市森林专业人士回答在线调查。调查：1）描述了UFMP的发展； 2) 评估 UFMP 目标的实现水平； 3) 评估哪些城市特征导致了 UFMP 目标的实现； 4) 评估对 UFMP 成果的专业看法。根据加拿大各地 n = 118 份回复，我们发现 UFMP 在过去 20 年中频繁发布，在 2010 年至 2014 年期间达到顶峰。平均而言，正如受访者所分享的，UFMP 目标的实现水平超过 50%，表明 UFMP 实施取得了良好进展。我们发现，除其他因素外，不同城市类型或社区语言（英语/法语）的 UFMP 目标实现水平没有统计学上的显着差异。专业人士一致认为，增加城市森林的财政资源是 UFMP 的预期结果，尽管对于 UFMP 的结果也存在不同和互补的观点。一项重要发现是，气候变化目标并未得到高层实施或纳入 UFMP。虽然重点关注加拿大城市，但本研究还提供了如何跨案例研究评估 UFMP 实施的指南，以及有关计划实施中被忽视的管理目标的见解。 这可能有助于研究人员和实践者在基于自然的解决方案、绿色基础设施、城市气候适应和全球可持续城市相关领域的未来工作。