The conflict over Wallmapu-Araucanía in southern Chile, between the Spanish , the Chilean state and the Mapuche peoples, dates from the 16th century, with a key moment being the forced integration of Mapuche land into the Chilean state in the late nineteenth century. This paper discusses this long period of conflict in three moments: conquest, occupation and liberation, and it focuses on the use of fire as a politico-symbolic and techno-productive tool. A ‘landscapes of power framework’ is used for this historical political ecology analysis, based on texts from the nineteenth century to the present. The conclusions point to the historical importance of the use of fire as a tool not only for physical changes in the landscape, but principally as a tool of political symbolism that relates to a history of conflict of terror and displacement, used by the forces of occupation and resistance.

中文翻译：

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瓦尔马普-阿劳卡尼亚着火了！智利南部统治时期火灾的历史政治生态


西班牙、智利国家和马普切人之间围绕智利南部瓦尔马普-阿劳卡尼亚地区的冲突可以追溯到 16 世纪，其中一个关键时刻是 19 世纪末马普切土地被迫并入智利国家。本文分三个时刻讨论了这段漫长的冲突时期：征服、占领和解放，重点讨论了火作为政治象征和技术生产工具的使用。这种历史政治生态学分析使用了“权力框架景观”，该分析基于十九世纪至今的文本。结论指出，使用火的历史重要性不仅是作为景观物理变化的工具，而且主要是作为与占领军所使用的恐怖冲突和流离失所的历史相关的政治象征意义的工具。和阻力。