Fish gelatin-agar edible films have potential for sustainable food packaging, but their limitations particularly water sensitivity require improvement. In this research, the effects of radiation from gamma rays at rates ranging from 0 to 40 kGy on the films' mechanical characteristics, microstructure, color, opacity, and water resistance were examined. Overall, gamma irradiation at doses of up to 30 kGy substantially improved the water resistance of the gelatin-agar film, as demonstrated by decreased water solubility, water absorption, and film vapor permeability. This could be due to crosslinking within the biopolymer network. However, at doses of 40 kGy, potential chain scission in the film's polymeric structure might occur, which counteracts further improvement and consequently starts degrading its water resistance. Similarly, the improvement of film's tensile strength and modulus of elasticity peaked at an optimal dose of 30 kGy, and then decreased at higher doses, while the film's elongation at break remained unaffected. FTIR and SEM analysis supported changes in functional group and structural morphology in these observations. Although irradiation caused some yellowing, an optimal dose range (at around 20–30 kGy) was identified to achieve improved functionality without degrading film integrity. These findings highlight the potential of gamma irradiation as a viable technique for modifying fish gelatin-agar films for enhanced performance in food packaging applications.

中文翻译：

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伽马辐照诱导的鱼明胶-琼脂可食用膜的交联和增强功能


鱼明胶琼脂可食用薄膜具有可持续食品包装的潜力，但其局限性特别是水敏感性需要改进。在这项研究中，研究了 0 至 40 kGy 速率范围内的伽马射线辐射对薄膜机械特性、微观结构、颜色、不透明度和耐水性的影响。总体而言，剂量高达 30 kGy 的伽马射线显着改善了明胶琼脂膜的耐水性，这通过水溶性、吸水性和膜蒸气渗透性的降低得到了证明。这可能是由于生物聚合物网络内的交联造成的。然而，在 40 kGy 的剂量下，薄膜的聚合结构可能会发生潜在的断链，这会阻碍进一步的改进，从而开始降低其耐水性。同样，薄膜拉伸强度和弹性模量的改善在最佳剂量 30 kGy 时达到峰值，然后在较高剂量下下降，而薄膜的断裂伸长率不受影响。 FTIR 和 SEM 分析支持这些观察中官能团和结构形态的变化。尽管辐照会导致一些泛黄，但确定了最佳剂量范围（大约 20-30 kGy），可以在不降低薄膜完整性的情况下实现改进的功能。这些发现凸显了伽马辐照作为一种可行技术的潜力，可用于改性鱼明胶琼脂薄膜，以增强食品包装应用的性能。