This paper deals with the foundations of current and past mobility cultures, identifies emerging trends and main drivers that contribute to the shaping of the future European mobility cultures, and focuses on the role of communication. The methodology adopted to better understand this complex concept involved 3 major steps: first a literature exploration, then a foresight involving strategic application of forward-looking approaches in shaping and informing public policy decisions which needed, and finally backcasting exercise to mainly build future scenarios. During these steps, we aimed to identify, involve and create a community of high level experts and thinkers in various fields: philosophy, psychology, sociology, geography, urbanism, architecture, economics, poetry, art. This involvement led to 29 scientific discussions of 3 types: 15 Talks with 16 experts, 5 Explorative Conversations with 11 experts and 9 Generative Dialogues with 11 experts. We have also organized 3 focus groups and 5 workshops to deepen our thinking on specific topics and involve a larger group of experts: Mobility values, Imagining future scenarios on mobility cultures, Public interest definition, Design a roadmap and outline feasible strategies. A survey of European citizens was carried out to involve them in an open consultation of the vision. Experts and thinkers were interviewed to stimulate discussion on how they understand mobility cultures and what drives it, to identify trends in mobility cultures and how they perceive mobility’s future. The idea was also to confront different or conflicting ideas and to identify the nuances and uncertainties, particularly with regard to the trends and future mobility cultures. As a result, we developed a vision not only of current and past mobility cultures, but especially of the expected and likely mobility future. We created 4 (extreme) political and societal scenarios for the mobility future and named them according to Greek divinities: Hercules, Themis, Hermes, and Gaia. The final results are a combination of several elements from different scenarios. The most desired future mobility clearly tends towards the Themis and Gaia cultural values of equity and well-being, while the Hermes cultural value of efficiency is perceived as driving the most likely future. This mismatch between expected and desired futures clearly expresses tensions between elements of mobility cultures. This gap points to a direction for future European mobility policy, away from efficiency and towards alternative values of sufficiency, care, and justice. Although we intended to cover the whole of Europe, Western Europe has remained relatively over-represented.

本文探讨了当前和过去的流动文化的基础，确定了有助于塑造未来欧洲流动文化的新兴趋势和主要驱动因素，并重点讨论了沟通的作用。为了更好地理解这一复杂概念而采用的方法涉及三个主要步骤：首先是文献探索，然后是前瞻性方法，涉及在制定和告知所需的公共政策决策时战略性应用前瞻性方法，最后是回溯练习以主要构建未来情景。在这些步骤中，我们的目标是确定、参与并创建一个由各个领域的高水平专家和思想家组成的社区：哲学、心理学、社会学、地理学、城市规划、建筑、经济学、诗歌、艺术。此次参与引发了 3 种类型的 29 场科学讨论：与 16 名专家进行的 15 场会谈、与 11 名专家进行的 5 场探索性对话以及与 11 名专家进行的 9 场生成性对话。我们还组织了 3 个焦点小组和 5 个研讨会，以加深我们对特定主题的思考，并让更多的专家参与进来：移动价值、想象移动文化的未来场景、公共利益定义、设计路线图并概述可行的策略。对欧洲公民进行了一项调查，让他们参与对这一愿景的公开咨询。专家和思想家接受了采访，以激发关于他们如何理解移动文化及其驱动力的讨论，以确定移动文化的趋势以及他们如何看待移动的未来。这个想法还在于面对不同或相互冲突的想法，并确定细微差别和不确定性，特别是在趋势和未来的移动文化方面。 因此，我们不仅对当前和过去的移动文化，而且特别对预期和可能的移动未来制定了愿景。我们为未来的出行创造了 4 个（极端）政治和社会场景，并根据希腊神灵命名它们：赫拉克勒斯、忒弥斯、赫耳墨斯和盖亚。最终结果是来自不同场景的多个元素的组合。最理想的未来流动性显然倾向于公平和福祉的忒弥斯和盖亚文化价值观，而效率的赫尔墨斯文化价值观被认为是最有可能的未来的驱动力。预期和期望的未来之间的这种不匹配清楚地表达了流动文化要素之间的紧张关系。这一差距为未来欧洲流动政策指明了方向，即远离效率，转向充足、关怀和正义等替代价值观。尽管我们打算覆盖整个欧洲，但西欧的代表性仍然相对较高。